Ekspor Senjata Amerika Serikat ke Arab Saudi Semasa Pemerintahan Donald Trump dan Implikasinya terhadap Perang Yaman = The United States' Arms Exports to Saudi Arabia During The Donald Trump Government and Its Implications on the Yemen War

Saftiannisa, Nabila Amadea (2023) Ekspor Senjata Amerika Serikat ke Arab Saudi Semasa Pemerintahan Donald Trump dan Implikasinya terhadap Perang Yaman = The United States' Arms Exports to Saudi Arabia During The Donald Trump Government and Its Implications on the Yemen War. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Amerika Serikat ke Arab Saudi memiliki hubungan yang kerap diwarnai oleh dinamika pasang surut. Salah satu kebijakan luar negeri Amerika Serikat terhadap Arab Saudi adalah ekspor senjata. Di bawah pemerintahan Donald Trump, Amerika Serikat membuka kembali ekspor senjatanya yang sempat dihentikan oleh pemimpin sebelumnya. Tujuan penelitian ini menelaah alasan eksternal dan internal yang mendorong Amerika Serikat menjalankan kembali ekspor senjatanya ke Arab Saudi, dan implikasi yang diterima atas ekspor senjata keduanya terhadap Perang Yaman. Penelitian ini mengacu pada teori Realisme Neoklasik, konsep Kebijakan Luar Negeri, Persepsi Ancaman, dan Kepentingan Nasional. Penelitian ini juga menerapkan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode eksplanatif. Adapun sejumlah data yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini merujuk pada studi kepustakaan, serta penelusuran secara daring dan luring. Pengumpulan data tersebut kemudian dilanjutkan dengan kajian mendalam melalui teknik analisis struktur peristiwa dan naratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alasan ekspor senjata Amerika Serikat ke Arab Saudi didorong oleh faktor eksternal berupa kontestasi kekuatan di Timur Tengah, situasi Perang Yaman selaras dengan ancaman di dalamnya, yaitu terorisme dan senjata negara lain. Kemudian, Arab Saudi sebagai negara yang tengah terlibat di Perang Yaman pun dilihat sebagai peluang oleh Amerika Serikat untuk mengekspor senjatanya. Pada alasan faktor domestik, pertimbangan ekonomi, kehendak untuk mempertahankan keunggulan industri senjata Amerika Serikat, yang selaras dengan desakan elit politik menjadi hal yang esensial. Lebih lanjut, implikasi ekspor senjata kedua negara mencakup penggunaan senjata Amerika Serikat oleh Arab Saudi di Perang Yaman yang menghasilkan perang berkepanjangan. Respons Amerika Serikat atas implikasi tersebut juga ditinjau di dalam penelitian. / The relationship between the United States and Saudi Arabia has frequently fluctuated. One of the United States foreign policies towards Saudi Arabia is the arms exports. Under Donald Trump's presidency, the United States restarted arms exports, which had been suspended under prior administrations. This research investigates the external and internal factors that motivated the United States to continue arms exports to Saudi Arabia, and the implications of these exports on the war in Yemen. This research refers to Neoclassical Realism theory, the concepts of Foreign Policy, Threat Perception, National Interest, and conducted by a qualitative approach with explanatory methodology. The findings of this research are based on literature reviews, offline and online research. The collected data analyzed by event structure analysis and narrative analysis techniques. The results of this research indicate that United States arms supplies to Saudi Arabia are determined by external reasons, such as power contestation in the Middle East, particularly the situation in the Yemen War, which is associated with threats within it, including terrorism and weapons from other countries. Saudi Arabia's involvement in the Yemen War is an opportunity for the United States to export its arms. Economic interests, desire to sustain the power of the United States arms industry, pressure from political elites, are vital for domestic reasons. The implications of the arms exports from the two countries include the use of United States weapons by Saudi Arabia in the Yemen War, which resulted in a prolonged conflict. The United States' responses to those implications are also examined in this research.

Item Type: Thesis (Bachelor)
Creators:
CreatorsNIMEmail
Saftiannisa, Nabila Amadea01043190126saftiannisa@gmail.com
Contributors:
ContributionContributorsNIDN/NIDKEmail
Thesis advisorDaulay, Richard9990065372richard.daulay@uph.edu
Uncontrolled Keywords: Amerika Serikat; Arab Saudi; ekspor senjata; Donald Trump; kepentingan nasional; Perang Yaman
Subjects: J Political Science > JZ International relations
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Social and Political Science > International Relations
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Social and Political Science > International Relations
Depositing User: Nabila Amadea Saftiannisa
Date Deposited: 27 Jan 2023 11:35
Last Modified: 27 Jan 2023 11:35
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/53311

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