Dinamika globalisasi dan pemerintah daerah dalam paradiplomasi di Indonesia: studi kasus Kabupaten Halmahera Utara = Dynamics of globalization and local governments in Indonesia’s paradiplomacy: a case study of Kabupaten Halmahera Utara

Sahureka, Early Nalvi Hoata (2023) Dinamika globalisasi dan pemerintah daerah dalam paradiplomasi di Indonesia: studi kasus Kabupaten Halmahera Utara = Dynamics of globalization and local governments in Indonesia’s paradiplomacy: a case study of Kabupaten Halmahera Utara. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Dinamika globalisasi menyebabkan aktor non-negara muncul sebagai aktor internasional yang berperan signifikan dalam hubungan internasional. Di dalam konteks ini, globalisasi membuat Pemerintah Daerah sebagai entitas sub-nasional dapat melakukan hubungan langsung dengan aktor internasional lain. Penelitian ini mengkaji praktik paradiplomasi di Indonesia dengan tiga pertanyaan utama yang memandu penelitian: mengapa Pemerintah Daerah penting dalam hubungan luar negeri Indonesia, apa saja tantangan paradiplomasi di Indonesia, serta bagaimana Peraturan Peraturan Perundang-undangan di Indonesia terkait paradiplomasi? Lewat penelitian kualitatif dengan metode Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Halmahera Utara, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dinamika globalisasi membuat relevansi aktor non-negara di dalam lanskap hubungan internasional semakin besar dan penting, sebab melalui praktek paradiplomasi Pemerintah Daerah dapat mewujudkan kepentingan nasional sekaligus kepentingan lokal. Namun demikian, praktik paradiplomasi di Indonesia memiliki sejumlah tantangan, di antaranya, dominasi paradigma tradisional bahwa urusan luar negeri merupakan wewenang Pemerintah Pusat, ketiadaan cetak biru komprehensif praktik paradiplomasi serta ketiadaan produk hukum setingkat Undang-Undang di Indonesia yang secara spesifik mengatur praktik paradiplomasi, dan persoalan ketidaksiapan sumber daya yang dimiliki daerah. Temuan ketiga di dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Peraturan Perundang-undangan tentang praktik paradiplomasi di Indonesia saat ini masih bersifat administratif, prosedural, dan teknis. / The dynamics of globalization have led to the emergence of non-state actors as significant players in international relations. In this context, globalization has enabled sub-national entities, such as Local Governments, to engage with other international actors. This research examines the practice of paradiplomacy in Indonesia, guided by three main research questions: why are Local Governments important in Indonesia's foreign relations, what are the challenges of paradiplomacy in Indonesia, and how do Indonesian laws and regulations address paradiplomacy? Through qualitative research using a Case Study method in Kabupaten Halmahera Utara, the study finds that the dynamics of globalization have increased the relevance of non-state actors in the international relations landscape. Through paradiplomacy, Local Governments can pursue both national and local interests. However, paradiplomacy in Indonesia faces several challenges, including the dominance of the traditional paradigm that foreign affairs are the prerogative of the Central Government. Other challenges include the absence of a comprehensive blueprint for paradiplomacy practices, the lack of specific legislation at the level of national law regulating paradiplomacy, and resource constraints at the local level. The study also reveals that the current legal framework regarding paradiplomacy in Indonesia is primarily administrative, procedural, and technical.

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