Kapasitas dukung tanah yang distabilisasi abu marmer berdasarkan uji beban pelat

Calvin, Fransiscus (2023) Kapasitas dukung tanah yang distabilisasi abu marmer berdasarkan uji beban pelat. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Tanah sebagai fondasi memiliki peran yang penting sebagai dasar untuk menopang beban dari perkerasan jalan maupun konstruksi bangunan diatasnya. Tanah lunak seperti tanah lempung atau tanah lanau adalah tipe tanah yang tidak baik untuk dijadikan sebagai tanah dasar konstruksi karena memiliki sifat kembang susut tinggi, daya dukung rendah, penurunan besar serta kuat geser rendah. Tanah yang memiliki sifat ini tentu perlu dilakukan tindakan perbaikan, yaitu dengan distabilisasi agar memenuhi syarat sebagai lapisan tanah dasar. Dari berbagai metode stabilisasi tanah, perlu diketahui terlebih dahulu karakteristik, sifat serta jenis tanah yang akan distabilisasi agar bahan stabilisasi yang digunakan memiliki sifat yang menunjang daya dukung dari tanah tersebut. Dalam penenilitian ini, jenis tanah yang akan distabilisasi merupakan tanah lempung Meikarta hasil dari pengujian analisa saringan dan batas-batas Atterberg untuk menentukan indeks plastisitas tanah. Berikutnya dilakukan juga pengujian unconfined compression test untuk mengetahui deskripsi tanah berdasarkan kuat tekan. Dari hasil pengujian karakteristik tanah asli, klasifikasi AASHTO didapatkan bahwa tanah termasuk ke dalam kelompok tanah lempung (A-6) dan mengacu pada klasifikasi USCS termasuk ke dalam kelompok tanah lempung tak organik plastisitas rendah hingga sedang (CL). Untuk meningkatkan daya dukung tanah, dilakukan penambahan stabilisator abu marmer dengan variasi kadar 3%, 6%, 9%, dan 12%. Untuk mengetahui daya dukung tanah yang distabilisasi, dilakukan pengujian model fisik beban pelat pada bak uji dengan variasi ketebalan 10 cm, 20 cm, dan 30 cm. Hasil uji beban pelat menunjukkan nilai daya dukung (qu) yang terus meningkat seiring bertambahnya kadar abu marmer dan ketebalan tanah yang sudah distabilisasi. Peningkatan nilai daya dukung mulai kurang signifikan ketika kadar abu marmer berada diatas 9%. Penambahan 3% kadar abu marmer dapat memperbaiki sifat tanah menjadi lempung sedang, 6% abu marmer menjadi lempung kaku, dan 9-12% kadar abu marmer menjadi lempung sangat kaku dan keras. / Soil as a foundation has an important role as the basis for supporting the load from the pavement and building construction above it. Soft soil such as clay or silt soil is a type of soil that is not good to be used as a construction base because it has high shrinkage properties, low bearing capacity, large settlement and low shear strength. Soils that have these properties certainly need corrective action, namely by stabilization to qualify as subgrade. From various soil stabilization methods, it is necessary to know in advance the characteristics, properties and types of soil to be stabilized so that the stabilization materials used have properties that support the carrying capacity of the soil. In this research, the type of soil to be stabilized is Meikarta clay resulting from sieve analysis testing and Atterberg limits to determine the soil plasticity index. Next, an unconfined compression test was also conducted to determine the soil description based on compressive strength. From the results of testing the original soil characteristics, the AASHTO classification found that the soil belongs to the clay soil group (A-6) and referring to the USCS classification belongs to the low to medium plasticity non-organic clay soil group (CL). To increase the bearing capacity of the soil, marble ash stabilizers were added at 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12%. To determine the bearing capacity of the stabilized soil, a physical model of plate load test was conducted on the test basin with thickness variations of 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm. The results of the plate load test showed that the bearing capacity (qu) value continued to increase as the marble ash content and the thickness of the stabilized soil increased. The increase in bearing capacity began to be less significant when the marble ash content was above 9%. The addition of 3% marble ash content can improve the soil properties into medium clay, 6% marble ash into stiff clay, and 9-12% marble ash content into very stiff and hard clay.

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