Penyelesaian sengketa wanprestasi dalam E-commerce lintas negara

Natalia, Reggiannie Christy (2023) Penyelesaian sengketa wanprestasi dalam E-commerce lintas negara. Doctoral thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Transaksi E-commerce lintas negara melalui Marketplace, cukup intensif dilakukan saat ini, namun cenderung diperlakukan berbeda dengan perdagangan internasional konvensional. Karakter E-commerce yang virtual mempermudah munculnya masalah�masalah dalam transaksinya. Pada hakekatnya, penyelesaian sengketa dalam transaksi E-commerce lintas negara melalui Marketplace lebih rumit, karena para pihak tunduk pada sistem hukum yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori hukum dari Gustav Radbruch, mengenai tiga dasar nilai hukum dan teori Perjanjian menurut Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata sebagai pisau analisis. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan dukungan yuridis empiris. Temuan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Secara konseptual pengaturan E-commerce lintas negara di Indonesia sudah cukup mencerminkan asas-asas yang terkandung dalam Teori Perjanjian. Namun, terdapat kebutuhan untuk memperkuat landasan hukumnya dengan mengacu pada ketentuan hukum nasional dan aturan hukum internasional. Secara yuridis, implementasi penyelesaian sengketa E-commerce lintas negara harus didasarkan pada norma-norma hukum yang benar, tanpa mengurangi kedaulatan dari negara lain. Pengaturan hukum yang ideal harus mengandung tiga nilai dasar yaitu nilai keadilan, kemanfaatan dan kepastian hukum. / Cross border e-commerce transactions through Marketplace are intensively conducted nowadays, however the transactions tend to be treated differently, compared to the conventional cross border trading. The virtual character of e-commerce facilitates more problems in its transactions. Essentially, dispute settlement in cross border e�commerce transactions via Marketplace is often more difficult, whereas all the parties involved are submitted to different systems of law. This research applies three basic values theory by Gustav Radbruch and the theory of Contract based on the Article 1320 of Indonesian Civil Law Code as the tool for analysis. The research method used is normative juridical supported by empirical juridical research. The findings of the study indicate that conceptually, the regulation related cross border e-commerce in Indonesia has reflected the principles of law from the Contract Theory. However, there is a need to straighten the foundation of e-commerce law in Indonesia, by referring to the national and international. Juridically, the implementation of cross border e-commerce dispute settlement shall be done, based on the norms of law without undermining the sovereignty of another country, the ideal law shall consist of the justice, utility and legal certainty values.

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