Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etil Asetat dan N-heksan Limbah Kulit Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L.) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis

Saputri, Shellina (2023) Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etil Asetat dan N-heksan Limbah Kulit Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L.) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis. Diploma thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Bawang merah (Allium cepa L.) adalah jenis umbi yang sering digunakan dalam bahan masakan, penyedap makanan, serta memiliki khasiat sebagai obat. Umbi bawang merah hanya dimanfaatkan umbinya saja, sedangkan kulit terluarnya menjadi limbah pokok rumah tangga. Kulit bawang merah diketahui memiliki senyawa kimia seperti alkaloid, flavonoid, dan tanin yang diketahui memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis. Staphylococcus epidermidis merupakan jenis bakteri yang umum berada pada kulit, saluran respirasi, dan saluran pencernaan manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji efek aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etil asetat dan n-heksan limbah kulit bawang merah (Allium cepa L.) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis dengan metode difusi cakram serta menentukan Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) makrodilusi menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, sehingga dapat memberikan informasi di bidang farmasi, berguna dalam pengembangan sediaan farmasi, serta membantu pemanfaatan limbah kulit bawang merah. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etil asetat dengan konsentrasi 500.000 ppm memiliki daya hambat kategori intermediate dan n-heksan pada konsentrasi 500.000 ppm memiliki daya hambat kategori resistant jika dibandingkan dengan klindamisin sebagai kontrol positif. KHM ekstrak etil asetat pada penelitian ini adalah 1.250 ppm. / Shallot (Allium cepa L.) is a type of tuber that is often used in cooking ingredients, food flavoring, and has medicinal properties. Shallot bulbs are only used for the tubers, while the outer skin becomes the main household waste. Shallot skin is known to have chemical compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins which are known to have antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. Staphylococcus epidermidis is a type of bacteria that is common on the skin, respiratory tract and human digestive tract. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of antibacterial activity of the ethyl acetate extract and n hexane of shallot skin waste (Allium cepa L.) against Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria using the disc diffusion method and to determine the macrodilution Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. so as to provide information in the pharmaceutical field, useful in the development of pharmaceutical preparations, as well as assisting the utilization of shallot skin waste. This study showed that the ethyl acetate extracts with a concentration of 500,000 ppm had inhibition in the intermediate category and n-hexane with a concentration of 500,000 ppm had inhibition in the resistant category when compared to clindamycin as a positive control. The MIC of the ethyl acetate extract in this study was 1,250 ppm.

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