Evaluasi faktor risiko loss-to-follow-up pasien hiv/aods di RS Sulianti Saroso

Adimitri, Chrisverlanti Gracia (2023) Evaluasi faktor risiko loss-to-follow-up pasien hiv/aods di RS Sulianti Saroso. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Kebijakan test and treat merupakan strategi pemenuhan target 95-95-95. Pemenuhan target ini bukan hanya dilakukan untuk menurunkan prevalensi HIV/AIDS di Indonesia tetapi mampu mendeteksi rendahnya angka treat. Menurut Data Kementrian Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2021, rendahnya angka treat disebabkan oleh kejadian tingginya loss-to-follow-up. Hal ini perlu menjadi perhatian khusus, dikarenakan bukan hanya terkait tentang pemenuhan target tetapi juga tentang memperpendek harapan hidup ODHA dengan munculnya infeksi penyerta yang menimbulkan kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa dan memprediksi faktor-faktor kejadian loss to follow up pada pasien HIV/AIDS dengan terapi pengobatan ARV. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observational analitik menggunakan metode cross sectional. Data yang digunakan merupakan rekam medis dilakukan grouping sesuai dengan variabel yang ditetapkan (9 variabel), cleaning dan coding. Data yang terkumpul akan dilakukan analisis menggunakan uji chi square (p), koefisien phi (φ), odds ratio (OR), dan 95% CI. Didapatkan hasil pasien yang menjalani pengobatan ARV selama tahun 2022 yang tidak mengalami loss to follow up 41,6% dan pasien yang mengalami loss to follow up 58,4%. Terdapat 4 variabel yang memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian loss to follow up yaitu lama pengobatan (p = <0,001; φ = 0,339; OR = 13,038; 95% CI = 4,974 34,177), kelompok risiko (p = 0,009; φ = 0,224; OR = 0,857; 95% CI = 0,775-0,948) stadium klinis (p = 0,031; φ = 0,159; OR = 0,809; 95% CI = 0,641-1,020), dan pendidikan (p = 0,01; φ = 0,194; OR = 1,333; 95% CI =1,047-1,697). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, terdapat 2 variabel yang secara signifikan memiliki hubungan terhadap kejadian loss to follow up yaitu lama pengobatan dan kelompok risiko. / The test and treat policy is a strategy to fulfill the 95-95-95 target. Fulfilling this target is not only done to reduce the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Indonesia but also to be able to detect lower treatment rates. According to Indonesian Ministry of Health data for 2021, the low rate of treatment is due to the high incidence of loss-to-follow-up. This needs special attention, because it is not only related to meeting targets but also about shortening the life expectancy of ODHA by the emergence of co-infections that cause death. This study aims to analyze and predict the factors of loss to follow-up in HIV/AIDS patients on ARV treatment. This research is an analytic observational study using a cross-sectional method. The data used are medical records which are grouped according to the specified variables (9 variables), cleaning and coding.. The collected data will be analyzed using the chi square test, phi coefficient and the odds ratio. The results showed that patients on ARV treatment in 2022 were 41.6% not loss to follow up patients and 58.4% were loss to follow-up patients. There are 4 variables that have a relationships with loss to follow up were length of treatment (p= <0,001; φ=0,339; OR= 13,038; 95% CI= 4.974-34.177), risk group (p= 0,009; φ=0,224; OR= 0,857; 95% CI= 0,775-0,948), HIV clinical stage (p = 0,031; φ = 0,159; OR = 0,809; 95% CI = 0,641-1,020), and education level (p = 0,01; φ = 0,194; OR = 1,333; 95% CI = 1,047-1,697). The total patients who have lost to follow-up, 2 factors as risk factors for loss to follow-up of ARV therapy were length of treatment and risk group.

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