Pengetahuan dan perilaku pasien kanker payudara mengenai pelestarian fertilitas pada perempuan di Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village gedung A dan B

Kim, Jeni (2023) Pengetahuan dan perilaku pasien kanker payudara mengenai pelestarian fertilitas pada perempuan di Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village gedung A dan B. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Kanker payudara merupakan salah satu jenis kanker yang paling umum di dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Pengobatan kanker payudara dengan menggunakan kemoterapi dan radioterapi memiliki efek samping gonadotoksik yang dapat meningkatkan risiko infertilitas. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan tatalaksana tambahan dengan menggunakan pelestarian fertilitas yang dapat membantu mengurangi risiko terjadinya infertilitas. Pelestarian fertilitas adalah teknologi yang dapat dilakukan untuk meyimpan ovum yang akan digunakan saat diperlukan. Di Indonesia sendiri, masih belum terdapat penelitian maupun data mengenai pengetahuan dan perilaku pasien kanker payudara mengenai pelestarian fertilitas pada perempuan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan perilaku pasien kanker payudara mengenai pelestarian fertilitas pada perempuan di Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village Gedung A dan B. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan metodi analitik kategorik tidak berpasangan dengan desain studi cross sectional. Jumlah sampel penelitian ini adalah 93 orang. Pengambilan sampel akan dilakukan dengan cara pengisian informed consent dan wawancara berdasarkan pertanyaan mengenai pengetahuan dan perilaku pelestarian fertilitas pada perempuan. Uji statistik menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil: Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan antara pengetahuan dan perilaku pasien kanker payudara mengenai pelestarian fertilitas pada perempuan di Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village Gedung A dan B, dengan P value 0,011 dan confidence internal 5,869 ~ 22,048. Secara keseluruhan, pengetahuan pasien mengenai pelestarian fertilitas sangat rendah. Sebanyak 45,2% pasien mempunyai keinginan untuk memiliki anak lagi di masa depan, sedangkan hanya 2,2% pasien pernah menjalani tindakan pelestarian fertilitas. Rendahnya perilaku pelestarian fertilitas berkorelasi dengan rendahnya edukasi dokter (54,0%), memiliki jumlah anak yang diinginkan (25,0%), masalah keuangan (14,0%), dan tidak ingin menunda terapi kanker (7,0%). Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pendidikan dan edukasi dokter dengan pengetahuan pelestarian fertilitas, dengan P value sebesar <0,001. Hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan dan edukasi dokter dengan perilaku pelestarian fertilitas telah didapatkan dengan nilai P value sebesar <0,001 dan 0,041. Dengan demikian, terdapat adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pendidikan dan edukasi dokter dengan perilaku pelestarian fertilitas pada perempuan di Siloam Lippo Village Gedung A dan B. Kesimpulan: Terdapat adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dan perilaku pasien kanker payudara mengenai pelestarian fertilitas pada perempuan di Siloam Lippo Village Gedung A dan B dengan P value 0,011. Prevalensi pengetahuan dan perilaku pelestarian fertilitas pada pasien kanker payudara masih rendah dan perlu ditingkatkan./ Background: Breast cancer is known to be the most common cancer in the world, including in Indonesia. Cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, have gonadotoxic effects that may increase the risk of infertility. As a result, additional actions are required to preserve fertility. Fertility preservation is a technology that helps to preserve reproductive systems to be used when is needed. However, in Indonesia, there is no existing research and data regarding knowledge and prevalence of fertility preservation in breast cancer patients. Objective: The student aims to determine a relationship between knowledge and fertility preservation in breast cancer patients of Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village Gedung A dan B. Methods: This study used unpaired categorical analytic method with design study of cross-sectional. Ninety-three eligible patients were identified. To provide the data, sampling was carried out by filling out informed consent and interviews based on questions regarding knowledge and behavior of fertility preservation in women. Chi-Square is then used to analyze the results. Results: Results shows there is a correlation between knowledge and behaviors of fertility preservation in women towards breast cancer patients in Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village Gedung A dan B, with P value of 0.011 and confidence internal of 5.869 ~ 22.048. Overall, patients had poor knowledge regarding fertility preservation. 45.2% of the patients had the desire to have more children in the future, meanwhile only 2.2% of patients had undergone fertility preservation. Low experience on fertility preservation was correlated with low doctor education (54.0%), having desired number of children (25.0%), financial issues (14.0%), and refusing to delay cancer treatments (7.0%). Results shows there was a significant correlation between levels of education and information given from doctors with knowledge regarding fertility preservation, with P value <0.001. The correlation between levels of education and information given from doctors with behavior towards fertility preservation was noted, with P value <0.001 and 0.041. Thus, there is a significant relationship between the level of education and information given from doctors with behavior towards fertility preservation in Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village Gedung A dan B. Conclusion: Results shows there is a significant correlation between knowledge and behaviors of fertility preservation towards breast cancer patients in Siloam Hospitals Lippo Village Gedung A dan B, with a P value of 0.011. Knowledge and behaviors of fertility preservation towards the breast cancer patients was low and still need to be improved.

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