Pengaruh intervensi edukasi kesehatan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan tentang insufisiensi vena kronis (IVK) pada pasien di Rumah Sakit Umum Siloam Lippo Village

Aswarie, Fransiskus Antoni (2023) Pengaruh intervensi edukasi kesehatan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan tentang insufisiensi vena kronis (IVK) pada pasien di Rumah Sakit Umum Siloam Lippo Village. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

PENGARUH INTERVENSI EDUKASI KESEHATAN TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG INSUFISIENSI VENA KRONIS (IVK) PADA PASIEN DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM SILOAM LIPPO VILLAGE (xvii + 66 halaman; 6 tabel; 9 lampiran) Latar Belakang: Penyakit Insufisiensi Vena Kronis (IVK) merupakan gangguan sistem vena ekstremitas bawah yang terjadi ketika katup pada dinding pembuluh vena tidak berkerja secara efektif, mengakibatkan darah untuk sulit kembali ke jantung dan menumpuk pada vena kaki bawah. Klasifikasi CEAP (Clinical, Eiology, Anatomic, Pathophysiology) digunakan untuk menilai tingkat derajat keparahan IVK melalui manifestasi klinis yang terlihat pada pasien. Diagnosis IVK ditegakkan dengan riwayat dan pemeriksaan fisik serta pemeriksaan penunjang berupa Venous duplex imaging dan modulasi lainnya untuk mengkonfirmasi ada tidaknya katup yang bermasalah dan menentukan tatalaksana selanjutnya. Lebih dari 25 juta orang yang menderita IVK memiliki penurunan kualitas hidup dan terbebani dalam hal sosial-ekonomi. Kurangnya pengetahuan pasien mengenai IVK dapat mempercepat progresivitas penyakit serta menimbulkan komplikasi yang berpotensi mengancam jiwa dan disabilitas. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh intervensi edukasi kesehatan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan tentang insufisiensi vena kronis pada pasien RSU Siloam Lippo Village. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi potong-lintang (cross-sectional) dengan jenis penelitian analitik komparatif katergorik berpasangan. Sampel akan dipilih menggunakan consecutive sampling, dengan populasi sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien insufisiensi vena kronis di Rumah Sakit Umum Siloam Lippo Village. Setelah itu, data akan ditabulasi menggunakan Microsoft Excel dan diolah menggunakan software SPSS Hasil: Total jumlah responden yang masuk ke dalam penelitian ini adalah 116 orang. Mayoritas berjenis kelamin perempuan (61.3%) dengan rentang usia terbanyak adalah 51 – 70 tahun (56.9%) dan pendidikan terakhir SMA (36.1%). Sebelumnya, kebanyakan responden tidak pernah mendapatkan informasi tentang insufisiensi vena kronis sebelumnya (91.4%). Ditemukan peningkatan dari pre-test ke post-test sebesar 31.03 (31.03%) dengan nilai rata-rata pre-test 50.96 dan rata-rata post-test 81.98. Analisa statistic menggunakan T-test dependent menunjukkan bahwa adanya pengaruh yang signifikan dari intervensi edukasi terhadap tingkat pengetahuan tentang IVK pada pasien di Rumah Sakit Umum Siloam Lippo Village (P Value = 0.001). Kesimpulan: Ditemukan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan dari intervensi edukasi kesehatan mengenai insufisiensi vena kronis terhadap kenaikan tingkat pengetahuan pasien Rumah Sakit Umum Siloam Lippo Village. Metode pemberian secara lisan dan tertulis memiliki tingkat efektivitas yang tinggi serta edukasi tentang IVK memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap tingkat kesadaran responden dalam mencegah IVK. Kata Kunci: Insufisiensi Vena Kronis, Edukasi, Tingkat pengetahuan, Klasifikasi CEAP / THE EFFECT OF HEALTH EDUCATION INTERVENTION ON THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT CHRONIC VENOUS INSSUFFICIENCY (CVI) IN PATIENTS AT SILOAM HOPITAL LIPPO VILLAGE Background: Chronic Venous Insufficiency Disease (CVI) is a disorder of the lower extremity venous system that occurs when the valves in the walls of the veins don't work effectively, causing blood to have difficulty returning to the heart and accumulating in the veins of the lower legs. The CEAP classification (Clinical, Eiology, Anatomic, Pathophysiology) is used to assess the severity of CVI through the clinical manifestations seen in the patient. The diagnosis of CVI is established by history and physical examination as well as supporting examinations in the form of venous duplex imaging and other modulations to confirm whether there is a problematic valve and determine further management. More than 25 million people who suffer from CVI have a decreased quality of life and are burdened in terms of socio-economic. Lack of patient knowledge about CVI can accelerate disease progression and cause potentially life-threatening complications and disability. Objectives: This study aims to determine the effect of health education interventions on the level of knowledge about chronic venous insufficiency in Siloam Lippo Village Hospital patients. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study design with the type of paired categorical comparative analytical research. The sample will be selected using consecutive sampling, with the sample population in this study being patients with chronic venous insufficiency at Siloam Lippo Village General Hospital. After that, the data will be tabulated using Microsoft Excel and processed using SPSS software. Results: The total number of respondents who entered this study were 116 people. The majority are female (61.3%) with the widest age range being 51-70 years (56.9%) and the last education was high school (36.1%). Previously, most respondents had never received information about chronic venous insufficiency before (91.4%). There was an increase from pre-test to post-test of 31.03 (31.03%) with an average pre-test score of 50.96 and an average post-test of 81.98. Statistical analysis using the dependent T-test showed that there was a significant effect of the educational intervention on the level of knowledge about IVK in patients at Siloam Lippo Village General Hospital (P Value = 0.001). Conclusion: It was found that there was a significant effect of health education interventions regarding chronic venous insufficiency on increasing the level of knowledge of Siloam Lippo Village General Hospital patients. Oral and written delivery methods have a high level of effectiveness and education about IVK has a significant impact on the level of awareness of respondents in preventing IVK. Keywords: Chronic Venous Insufficiency, Education, Level of knowledge, CEAP Classification

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