Unveiling Iran: the rise of a new Iranian identity through the 2022 Iranian protests

Budilay, Kellen (2024) Unveiling Iran: the rise of a new Iranian identity through the 2022 Iranian protests. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

As the world progresses, conflicts of beliefs and values continue to take centre stage, causing reactions and consequences as great as disputes over land and material resources. At the heart of every social movement is the power of identity, turning ideas and values into physical actions and creates a sense of belonging and connection with an identity group. Thus, this research explores the evolving nature of social movements with a focus on the role of globalisation and the digital revolution in catapulting ideas into actions and creating deeper meaning, with Iran as the focus. This research applies Constructivist theory, aided by concepts of Identity Formation, Identity and Action, Intersubjective Understanding, Globalisation, and the War of Ideas to best understand social phenomena. Qualitative in nature, this research utilises a historical-comparative research method using primary and secondary resources through a narrative data analysis technique. As women in Iran unveil and as Iranian citizens continue to take to the streets in solidarity and protest, a reconfiguration in the Iranian identity can be felt. As a trigger for the evolution of the Iranian identity, the death of Mahsa Amini became the final metaphorical straw for Iranians, questioning the meaning of being Iranian today. This research concludes the protests have challenged the existing Iranian identity through the protest chant, unveiling of hijabs and other protest activities and the ongoing shift in the Iranian identity evidenced by the war of ideas between the existing Iranian identity and the values of the protests demanding for regime change./Seiring dengan kemajuan dunia, konflik terkait keyakinan dan nilai terus menjadi pusat perhatian, menghasilkan reaksi dan konsekuensi sebanding dengan perselisihan atas tanah dan sumber daya materi. Pada intinya, keberadaan setiap gerakan sosial dipengaruhi oleh kekuatan identitas, mengubah ide-ide dan nilai-nilai menjadi tindakan fisik, sehingga menciptakan rasa kebersamaan dan hubungan dengan kelompok identitas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengeksplorasi sifat evolusi gerakan sosial dengan fokus pada peran globalisasi dan revolusi digital dalam menerjemahkan ide menjadi tindakan dan menciptakan makna yang lebih dalam, dengan Iran sebagai fokus. Penelitian ini menerapkan teori Konstruktivis, dibantu oleh konsep Pembentukan Identitas, Identitas dan Tindakan, Pemahaman Intersubjektif, Globalisasi, dan Perang Ide untuk memahami fenomena sosial secara komprehensif. Bersifat kualitatif, penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian historis-komparatif dan menggunakan sumber daya primer dan sekunder melalui teknik analisis data naratif. Saat perempuan di Iran terus melepas hijab, dan warga Iran terus berunjuk rasa solidaritas dan protes di jalanan, terasa adanya rekonfigurasi dalam identitas Iran. Sebagai pemicu evolusi identitas Iran, kematian Mahsa Amini menjadi titik puncak metaforis bagi masyarakat Iran, mempertanyakan apa artinya menjadi orang Iran saat ini. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa protes telah menantang identitas Iran yang ada melalui seruan protes, melepas hijab, dan aktivitas protes lainnya. Selain itu, pergeseran berkelanjutan dalam identitas Iran tergambar dalam perang ide antara identitas Iran yang ada dan nilai-nilai protes yang menuntut perubahan rezim.

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