Peran Gates Foundation dalam menangani permasalahan kesehatan masyarakat India (2013-2020)

Putri, Zulfa Aulia (2024) Peran Gates Foundation dalam menangani permasalahan kesehatan masyarakat India (2013-2020). Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

India adalah salah satu negara yang menghadapi berbagai masalah kesehatan, sehingga mengakibatkan adanya ancaman kesehatan bagi masyarakatnya. Hal ini disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor yang mendorong pemerintah kesulitan memenuhi jaminan keamanan kesehatan dalam kepentingan nasionalnya. Menanggapi tantangan tersebut, Gates Foundation dengan latar yayasan filantropi hadir untuk membantu menangani permasalahan kesehatan masyarakat di India. Penelitian ini melihat bagaimana efektifitas Gates Foundation sebagai Track 8 Multi-track Diplomacy menangani permasalahan kesehatan di India melalui dukungan berupa dana kepada program-program sebagai bentuk upaya bersama dalam mencapai common goals. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Neoliberalisme bersama konsep yang relevan, yaitu yayasan filantropi, kerja sama internasional, collective outcomes, dan keamanan kesehatan sebagai bagian dari keamanan insani. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Data yang disajikan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari studi pustaka dan berbagai sumber daring. Kemudian, teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik analisis deskriptif. Gates Foundation berkolaborasi bersama pemerintah pusat dan negara bagian India, sektor swasta, pakar-pakar di bidang kesehatan, dan organisasi internasional. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan, dapat dilihat bahwa peran dan kontribusi Gates Foundation berdampak baik terhadap keamanan kesehatan di India, yang meliputi: pengendalian penyakit menular, peningkatan kesehatan bagi ibu, bayi baru lahir, dan anak, hingga menurunkan angka kematian. Penelitian melihat efektivitas Gates Foundation yang berperan mendukung pencapaian keamanan kesehatan di India melalui penyaluran dana dan sumber daya lainnya. / As a nation suceptible to various health problems, guaranteeing health security in India has become a challenge to its tackle this threat. India continues to drive its national interest in addressing a few factors of this issue. Responding to the predicament, the Gates Foundation, with their background as a leading philanthropic foundation plays a paramount role in tacking the public health problems in India. This research analyzes the effectiveness of the Gates Foundation as part of Track 8 of Multi-Track Diplomacy in handling the health problems in India through their funding supports for programs to achieve their common goals. This research uses the theory of Neoliberalism and four relevant concepts: Philantrophy Foundation, International Cooperation, Collective Outcomes, and Health Security as a part of the Human Security conception. This research uses a qualitative research approach with descriptive method, presenting data available through various online sources. Additionally, this research employs a descriptive data analysis technique. The Gates Foundation collaborates with the India as a state actor, the private sector, health experts, and international organizations. This research concludes the contributions of the Gates Foundation on the health landscape of India, seeing the effectiveness of the organisation to promote health security through funding distribution for a range of health concerns including: infectious disease control, improved health for mothers, newborns, and children, down mortality rates.

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