Hubungan Antara Status Gizi Dan Tekanan Darah Pada Remaja Usia 15-19 Tahun

Nuryani, Nanda (2023) Hubungan Antara Status Gizi Dan Tekanan Darah Pada Remaja Usia 15-19 Tahun. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular dengan angka kesakitan dan angka kematian tertinggi di Indonesia. Salah satu faktor risiko hipertensi yang paling sering ditemukan adalah gizi lebih dan obesitas. Gizi lebih dan obesitas yang terjadi pada masa anak-anak dan remaja dapat mengganggu tumbuh kembang dan meningkatkan risiko obesitas dan berbagai komorbidnya pada usia dewasa. / Background: Hypertension is one of the non-communicable diseases with the highest morbidity and mortality rates in Indonesia. One of the most commonly found risk factors for hypertension is overnutrition and obesity. Overnutrition and obesity that occur in childhood and adolescence can interfere with growth and development and increase the risk of obesity and various comorbidities in adulthood. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adakah hubungan antara status gizi dan tekanan darah pada remaja usia 15-19 tahun. / Aim: The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between nutritional status and blood pressure in adolescence aged 15-19 years. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan studi potong lintang (cross sectional) terhadap 225 remaja. / Methods: This study used a cross-sectional method of 225 adolescents. Hasil: (51.6%) responden adalah remaja perempuan dengan usia terbanyak 15 tahun (49.8%). Berdasarkan status gizi, mayoritas responden memiliki status gizi baik (70.7%), sedangkan sebagian kecil memiliki status gizi buruk (1.3%), gizi kurang (6.7%), gizi lebih (15.1%) dan obesitas (6.2%). Berdasarkan tekanan darah, sebagian besar responden mengalami hipotensi (65.3%) pada pengukuran pertama dan (70.7%) pada pengukuran kedua. Sejumlah kecil responden bertekanan darah normal pada pengukuran pertama (3.6%) dan pengukuran kedua (1.3%), prahipertensi pada pengukuran pertama (17.8%) dan pengukuran kedua (16.4%), hipertensi tingkat 1 pada pengukuran pertama (7.6%) dan pengukuran kedua (8.9%), serta hipertensi tingkat 2 pada pengukuran pertama (5.8%) dan pengukuran kedua (3.1%). Terdapat korelasi antara status gizi dan tekanan darah dengan nilai p-value sebesar 0.009 dan 0.000. / Results: (51.6%) respondents were female teenagers with the majority aged 15 years (49.8%). Based on nutritional status, the majority of respondents had good nutritional status (70.7%), while a small proportion had poor nutritional status (1.3%), undernutrition (6.7%), overnutrition (15.1%) and obesity (6.2%). Based on blood pressure, the majority of respondents experienced hypotension (65.3%) in the first measurement and (70.7%) in the second measurement. A small number of respondents had normal blood pressure at the first measurement (3.6%) and second measurement (1.3%), prehypertension at the first measurement (17.8%) and second measurement (16.4%), grade 1 hypertension at the first measurement (7.6%) and second measurement (8.9%), and grade 2 hypertension in the first measurement (5.8%) and second measurement (3.1%). There is a correlation between nutritional status and blood pressure with a p-value of 0.009 and 0.000. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dan tekanan darah pada remaja usia 15-19 tahun. / Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between nutritional status and blood pressure in adolescents aged 15-19 years.

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