The efforts of United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) on tackling child soldiers issue in Sri Lanka civil war = Upaya United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) dalam menangani permasalahan tentara anak di perang sipil Sri Lanka

Octoviana, Clara (2020) The efforts of United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) on tackling child soldiers issue in Sri Lanka civil war = Upaya United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) dalam menangani permasalahan tentara anak di perang sipil Sri Lanka. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

The issue of child soldiers has been one of the most concerning issue in the world. One of the many conflicts that has a case of child soldiers is the conflict in Sri Lanka between the Sri Lanka government and the LTTE which lasted for almost 30 years. The recruitment of child soldiers in Sri Lanka became a complex issue as the settlement cannot be done alone by the government of Sri Lanka. This phenomenon has intrigued the international community especially UNICEF as an organization which has a mandate to protect human rights especially children in accordance with the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Therefore, this research was made to analyze the factors that cause child soldiering in Sri Lanka and the efforts of UNICEF on tackling child soldiers issue in Sri Lanka. The method used in this research is qualitative method as this research analyze the data that has been collected and develop a conclusion based on the facts and review about the issue. The involvement of children in Sri Lanka conflict basically occurred due to several factors, including economic, political, culture, and the law enforcement condition in Sri Lanka that caused the children to join the armed group. Furthermore, within this research, it shows how UNICEF manifested its efforts on tackling child soldiers issue in Sri Lanka. In the context of guaranteeing and protecting children's rights, their efforts was manifested in policies, laws, and regulations that was made related to children's rights. In other words, in the context of fulfilling children's rights, the efforts are manifested in programs, activities or actions. The concept of international organizations, children’s rights, and reintegration are used in analyzing the efforts. The commitments of UNICEF in Sri Lanka also made notable progress through several ways, especially in dealing with children’s rights and ensure the future of these children in which many children had benefited from the UNICEF efforts in the country. Thus, this study shows the factor that cause child soldering and UNICEF as an international organization on its efforts in tackling the recruitment of children as soldiers in Sri Lanka. / Masalah tentara anak telah menjadi salah satu masalah paling memprihatinkan di dunia. Salah satu dari banyak konflik yang memiliki kasus tentara anak-anak adalah konflik di Sri Lanka antara pemerintah Sri Lanka dan kelompok separatis LTTE yang berlangsung selama hampir 30 tahun. Perekrutan tentara anak-anak di Sri Lanka telah menjadi masalah yang rumit karena penyelesaiannya tidak dapat dilakukan sendiri oleh pemerintah Sri Lanka. Fenomena ini telah membangkitkan minat organisasi internasional khususnya UNICEF sebagai organisasi yang memiliki mandat untuk melindungi hak asasi manusia terutama anak-anak sesuai dengan Konvensi Hak-Hak Anak. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dibuat untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan tentara anak di Sri Lanka dan upaya UNICEF dalam menangani masalah tentara anak di Sri Lanka. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif karena penelitian ini menganalisis data yang telah dikumpulkan dan mengembangkan kesimpulan berdasarkan fakta dan ulasan tentang masalah tersebut. Keterlibatan anak-anak dalam konflik Sri Lanka pada dasarnya terjadi karena beberapa faktor, termasuk kondisi ekonomi, politik, budaya, dan penegakan hukum di Sri Lanka yang menyebabkan anak-anak bergabung dengan kelompok bersenjata. Selanjutnya, penelitian ini dibuat untuk menunjukkan bagaimana UNICEF memanifestasikan upayanya dalam menangani masalah tentara anak di Sri Lanka. Dalam konteks penjaminan dan perlindungan hak-hak anak, upaya UNICEF diwujudkan dalam kebijakan, undang-undang, dan peraturan yang dibuat terkait dengan hak-hak anak. Dengan kata lain, dalam konteks pemenuhan hak anak, upaya UNICEF diwujudkan dalam program, kegiatan, atau tindakan. Konsep organisasi internasional, hak-hak anak, dan reintegrasi digunakan dalam menganalisis upaya-upaya tersebut. Komitmen UNICEF di Sri Lanka juga telah membuat kemajuan penting melalui beberapa cara, terutama dalam menangani hak-hak anak dan memastikan masa depan anak-anak ini di mana banyak anak telah mendapat manfaat dari upaya UNICEF di negara ini. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menunjukkan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan perekrutan anak-anak di konflik bersenjata Sri Lanka dan UNICEF sebagai organisasi internasional dalam upayanya menangani perekrutan anak-anak sebagai tentara di Sri Lanka.

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