Tindak lanjut dari diplomasi ekonomi G20 dalam bidang investasi asing dan perdagangan oleh pemerintahan Presiden Joko Widodo = Follow-up of G20 economic diplomacy in foreign investment and international trade by the government of President Joko Widodo

Hutasoit, Pricilia Sonya (2024) Tindak lanjut dari diplomasi ekonomi G20 dalam bidang investasi asing dan perdagangan oleh pemerintahan Presiden Joko Widodo = Follow-up of G20 economic diplomacy in foreign investment and international trade by the government of President Joko Widodo. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Diplomasi ekonomi merupakan instrumen yang kerap digunakan negara dalam berbagai kegiatan dan forum internasional, kontribusi suatu negara memiliki potensi besar untuk meningkatkan citra dan kredibilitasnya. Bergabungnya Indonesia ke G20 dapat meningkatkan kerja sama ekonomi dan membantu Indonesia dalam mencapai kepentingan nasional, seperti investasi dan perdagangan. Menggunakan teori neoliberalisme, penelitian ini hendak melihat bagaimana tindak lanjut dari diplomasi ekonomi dalam strategi G20 yang dilakukan Indonesia terkait investasi dan perdagangan. Neoliberalisme mempercayai bahwa dunia yang anarkis dapat menciptakan peluang untuk berkerja sama. Maka dari itu, konsep turunan yang digunakan ialah negara sebagai aktor rasional, diplomasi ekonomi, kerja sama multilateral, kebijakan investasi asing, dan kebijakan perdagangan internasional. Berlangsungnya presidensi G20 akhirnya menghasilkan capaian, yaitu G20 Bali Leaders’ Declaration. Dalam paragraf no. 37 dinyatakan bahwa negara anggota G20 akan memperkuat komitmennya terhadap kerja sama investasi dan perdagangan. Capaian ini pun menghasilkan concrete deliverables yang berisikan sejumlah proyek hasil kerja sama G20 yang bersifat bilateral bahkan multilateral. Beberapa proyek yang direalisasikan terkait investasi dan perdagangan adalah jalan Tol Trans-Sumatera, pemensiunan PLTU dan JETP, pengembangan mobil listrik sebagai bentuk upaya transisis ke energi baru, kerja sama bilateral RI-RRT terkait perdagangan dan kesehatan, dan proyek lainnya. Adanya pengembangan mobil listrik juga diikuti dengan upaya hilirisasi nikel, upaya yang Indonesia lakukan merupakan Langkah awal transformasi ekonomi. Bentuk tindak lanjut dari Indonesia di dalam proyek ini menandakan komitmen dan keseriusan yang kuat akan perjanjian yang telah disepakati. / Economic diplomacy is an instrument that is often used by countries in various international activities and forums. A country's contribution has great potential to improve its image and credibility. Indonesia's joining the G20 can increase economic cooperation and help Indonesia achieve national interests, such as investment and trade. Using neoliberalism theory, this research wants to see how Indonesia follows up economic diplomacy in the G20 strategy regarding investment and trade. Neoliberalism believes that an anarchic world can create opportunities for cooperation. Therefore, the derivative concepts used are the state as a rational actor, economic diplomacy, multilateral cooperation, foreign investment policy, and international trade policy. The ongoing G20 presidency finally resulted in an achievement, namely the G20 Bali Leaders' Declaration. In paragraph no. 37 stated that G20 member countries would strengthen their commitment to investment and trade cooperation. This achievement also resulted in concrete deliverables containing a number of projects resulting from bilateral and even multilateral G20 cooperation. Some of the projects realized related to investment and trade are the Trans-Sumatra Toll road project, the PLTU and JETP retirement project, the electric car development project as a form of transition to new energy, the RI-PRC bilateral cooperation project related to trade and health, and other projects. The development of electric cars was also followed by efforts to downstream nickel, efforts that Indonesia is making are the first step in economic transformation. The form of follow-up from Indonesia in this project indicates a strong commitment and seriousness to the agreement that has been agreed.

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