Kepastian hukum atas penyelesaian keadaan wanprestasi pada perjanjian pembiayaan fintech skala mikro di Indonesia

Gaven, Garry (2023) Kepastian hukum atas penyelesaian keadaan wanprestasi pada perjanjian pembiayaan fintech skala mikro di Indonesia. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan ilmu hukum tentang hubungan antara peminjam dan pemberi pinjaman skala mikro berbasis financial technology, serta menemukan ide terkait kepastian hukum dalam penanganan wanprestasi utang piutang pada skala mikro. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif, yang memanfaatkan pendekatan undang-undang dan konseptual. Hasil studi menunjukan bahwa hubungan hukum peminjam dan pemberi pinjaman skala mikro fintech membutuhkan kepastian hukum. Regulasi "POJK No. 18/POJK.07/2018 dan POJK No. 6/POJK.07/2022" memberikan dasar dan mekanisme perlindungan konsumen, namun kurang cukup untuk menangani mekanisme penyelesaian keadaan wanprestasi. Sehingga OJK perlu memperkuat regulasi fintech mikro dengan ketentuan jelas, mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa yang efektif, dan transparansi untuk menjaga integritas dan kepercayaan. Sejumlah sumber dan referensi telah digunakan dalam penulisan ini untuk mendukung kevalidan analisis. Lebih dari 54 sumber pustaka, yang teridiri dari buku, artikel jurnal, artikel website, peraturan dan Undang-undang digunakan sebagai landasan teoritis. Dengan melibatkan pemahaman mendalam terhadap perkembangan terkini dalam hukum perjanjian, serta regulasi yang mengatur industry Fintech, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa perlu ada peraturan yang pasti mengenai mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa yang efektif dan penguatan fasilitas pengalihan risiko untuk menguatkan ekosistem finansial digital di Indonesia. / This research aims to develop legal knowledge regarding the relationship between borrowers and lenders in the micro-scale fintech context, as well as to explore ideas related to legal certainty in handling default in micro-scale debt transactions. The method employed is normative legal research, utilizing a legal and conceptual approach. The study results indicate that the legal relationship between micro-scale fintech borrowers and lenders requires legal certainty. Regulations such as "POJK No. 18/POJK.07/2018 and POJK No. 6/POJK.07/2022" provide a basis and consumer protection mechanisms but are insufficient in addressing default resolution mechanisms. Therefore, the Financial Services Authority (OJK) needs to strengthen micro-fintech regulations with clear provisions, effective dispute resolution mechanisms, and transparency to maintain integrity and trust. A variety of sources and references have been used in this writing to support the validity of the analysis. Over 54 bibliographic sources, including books, journal articles, website articles, regulations, and laws, have been used as theoretical foundations. By delving into a deep understanding of recent developments in contract law and regulations governing the Fintech industry, this research concludes that there is a need for clear regulations on effective dispute resolution mechanisms and the strengthening of risk transfer facilities to bolster the digital financial ecosystem in Indonesia.

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