IoT utilization to manage soil moisture in chili plants = Pemanfaatan IoT untuk mengatur kelembapan tanah pada tanaman cabai

Pamungkas, Prasetyo Adhi (2023) IoT utilization to manage soil moisture in chili plants = Pemanfaatan IoT untuk mengatur kelembapan tanah pada tanaman cabai. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

This thesis details the design and implementation of an automation system for monitoring and maintaining chili plants based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The focus of the system is to utilize soil moisture sensors, DHT11 sensors for air temperature and humidity, and LDR sensors to measure the light intensity around the plants. These sensors are connected to an ESP32 microcontroller, which serves as the control center and collects environmental data. The data is then uploaded to the ThingSpeak cloud platform, enabling real-time monitoring and data analysis. The system implementation starts with a soil moisture sensor that ensures the chili plants receive optimal soil moisture conditions. Next, DHT11 sensors play a role in measuring air temperature and humidity, providing further insight into their correlation with soil moisture in the chili plant growth environment. The development flow of this system involves the integration of data from both sensors to the ESP32 (Server), where the data can be accessed in real-time. The control method implemented involves periodic checking of the soil moisture, air temperature and air humidity values. If the conditions do not match the specified thresholds, the system automatically gives instructions to activate the water pump through the ESP32 (Controller), so that the plants get the right soil moisture. This development makes the system more responsive to changes in humidity, making it an effective tool for chili plant maintenance. Test results showed effective response of the system to variations in environmental conditions, validating the reliability and accuracy of the sensors used over 4 months. The average soil moisture around the chili plants was 72%, air temperature was 26°C and air humidity was 77% for 4 months. The system activated the water pump 4 times during the 2-hour period of use of the device used as testing material, with an average duration of 30 minutes per activation. The ThingSpeak platform successfully stored and managed the data, allowing the ESP32 as the controller to make decisions based on the uploaded data. Furthermore, email notifications informed the plant owner of changes in light intensity. Thus, this system opens the potential for more responsive crop management and hopes that this research can contribute to the development of agriculture, particularly in regulating plant moisture. / Skripsi ini merinci desain dan implementasi sistem otomatisasi untuk pemantauan dan perawatan tanaman cabai berbasis Internet of Things (IoT). Fokus utama sistem ini adalah memanfaatkan sensor kelembapan tanah, sensor DHT11 untuk suhu dan kelembapan udara, serta sensor LDR untuk mengukur intensitas cahaya sekitar tanaman. Sensor-sensor ini terhubung dengan mikrokontroler ESP32, yang berfungsi sebagai pusat kontrol dan mengumpulkan data lingkungan. Data tersebut kemudian diunggah ke platform cloud ThingSpeak, memungkinkan pemantauan dan analisis data secara real-time. Implementasi sistem dimulai dengan sensor kelembapan tanah yang memastikan tanaman cabai menerima kondisi kelembapan tanah yang optimal. Selanjutnya, sensor DHT11 berperan dalam mengukur suhu dan kelembapan udara, memberikan wawasan lebih lanjut tentang korelasinya dengan kelembapan tanah pada lingkungan pertumbuhan tanaman cabai. Alur pengembangan sistem ini melibatkan integrasi data dari kedua sensor tersebut ke ESP32 (Server), di mana data tersebut dapat diakses secara real-time. Metode kontrol yang diterapkan melibatkan pengecekan berkala terhadap nilai kelembapan tanah, suhu udara dan kelembapan udara. Apabila kondisi tidak sesuai dengan ambang batas yang ditentukan, sistem secara otomatis memberikan instruksi untuk mengaktifkan pompa air melalui ESP32 (Kontroler), sehingga tanaman mendapatkan kelembapan tanah yang tepat. Pengembangan ini membuat sistem lebih responsif terhadap perubahan kelembapan, menjadikannya alat yang efektif untuk pemeliharaan tanaman cabai. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan respons yang efektif dari sistem terhadap variasi kondisi lingkungan, memvalidasi keandalan dan keakuratan sensor-sensor yang digunakan selama 4 bulan. Rata-rata kelembapan tanah di sekitar tanaman cabai adalah 72%, suhu udara adalah 26°C dan kelembapan udara 77% selama 4 bulan. Sistem mengaktifkan pompa air sebanyak 4 kali selama periode 2 jam penggunaan alat yang digunakan sebagai bahan pengujian, dengan rata-rata durasi 30 menit per aktivasi. Platform ThingSpeak berhasil menyimpan dan mengelola data, memungkinkan ESP32 sebagai pengontrol untuk mengambil keputusan berdasarkan data yang diunggah. Selanjutnya, notifikasi via email memberikan informasi kepada pemilik tanaman tentang perubahan dalam intensitas cahaya. Dengan demikian, sistem ini membuka potensi untuk pengelolaan tanaman yang lebih responsif dan berharap penelitian ini dapat memberikan kontribusi untuk pengembangan pertanian, khususnya dalam mengatur kelembapan tanaman.

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