Penerimaan dan penggunaan chatGPT dalam proses pembelajaran mahasiswa di Indonesia : unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT)

Mia, Yenita (2024) Penerimaan dan penggunaan chatGPT dalam proses pembelajaran mahasiswa di Indonesia : unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Dalam era digital yang didominasi oleh kemajuan Artificial Intelligence (AI),mahasiswa di Indonesia dihadapkan pada tantangan adaptasi dan adopsi teknologi dalam proses pembelajaran, termasuk penggunaan ChatGPT, sebuah sistem chatbot berbasis teknologi pemrosesan bahasa alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi tingkat penerimaan dan penggunaan ChatGPT di kalangan mahasiswa Indonesia, serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kedua aspek tersebut. Mengadopsi model Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) sebagai kerangka teoritis, studi ini menerapkan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan sampel 103 mahasiswa dari berbagai universitas dan wilayah di Indonesia. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa UTAUT -termasuk ekspektasi kinerja, ekspektasi usaha, pengaruh sosial, dan kondisi memfasilitasi- berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penerimaan dan penggunaan (Behavioral Intention to Use) ChatGPT, dengan model berhasil menjelaskan 50.8% varians dalam penerimaan dan penggunaan teknologi ini. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa mahasiswa Indonesia cenderung menerima dan menggunakan ChatGPT dalam proses pembelajaran, dengan faktor-faktor UTAUT berperan penting dalam membentuk niat penggunaan. Temuan ini mengundang penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai pemanfaatan AI dalam pendidikan di Indonesia dan implikasinya bagi pengembangan kurikulum dan metode pengajaran. / In the digital era dominated by advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI), students in Indonesia are faced with the challenge of adapting and adopting technology in the learning process, including the use of ChatGPT, a chatbot system based on natural language processing technology. This research aims to explore the level of acceptance and use of ChatGPT among Indonesian students, as well as identifying factors that influence these two aspects. Adopting the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model as a theoretical framework, this study applies a quantitative approach with a sample of 103 students from various universities and regions in Indonesia. The results show that UTAUT - including performance expectations, effort expectations, social influence, and facilitating conditions - has a significant effect on acceptance and use (Behavioral Intention to Use) of ChatGPT, with the model successfully explaining 5-.8% of the variance in acceptance and use of this technology. This research concludes that Indonesian students tend to accept and use ChatGPT in the learning process, with UTAUT factors playing an important role in forming usage intentions. These findings invite further research regarding the use of AI in education in Indonesia and its implications for curriculum development and teaching methods.

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