Legal Analysis on Unlawful Debt Collection Practices in Peer-to-Peer Lending and the Protection Afforded to Borrowers Under the Indonesian Law

Wirasmono, Queindeline Liora Leticia (2024) Legal Analysis on Unlawful Debt Collection Practices in Peer-to-Peer Lending and the Protection Afforded to Borrowers Under the Indonesian Law. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Munculnya revolusi industri 4.0 telah membuka jalan bagi transformasi teknologi untuk berbagai tujuan. Salah satu bentuk kemajuan yang paling menonjol dan substansial adalah Teknologi Informasi yang telah merambah dan mengakselerasi pertumbuhan industri keuangan. Hal ini mendorong Pemerintah Indonesia untuk memfasilitasi masyarakat Indonesia dengan opsi Fintech di sektor perbankan, salah satunya P2P Lending. Namun, di balik kesuksesan P2P Lending ini, ada banyak permasalahan yang timbul, salah satu diantaranya adalah proses penagihan bagi peminjam yang gagal bayar secara ilegal. Perilaku ini sudah menjadi ancaman bagi masyarakat sejak lama dan masih belum teratasi sampai sekarang. Tindakan penagihan ditandai dengan ancaman, teror, intimidasi, dan penyalahgunaan informasi pribadi peminjam. Sehubungan dengan ini, kerangka hukum untuk melindungi peminjam yang mengalami kerugian akibat proses penagihan ilegal menjadi sangat penting. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kerangka hukum di Indonesia sehubungan dengan proses penagihan serta perlindungan hukum bagi korban penagihan dari perlakuan buruk penagih utang yang merugikan peminjam secara fisik dan psikologis serta hak-hak data pribadi mereka / The emergence of the 4.0 industrial revolution has paved the way for the rapid advancement of technology for multifunctional purposes. One of the most prominent and substantial transformations is IT, which has penetrated and accelerated the financial industry's growth. This compels the Indonesian Government to take advantage of it by facilitating the Indonesian citizen with Fintech in the banking sector, one of which is the P2P Lending. As the popularity of P2P Lending grows, so do the number of problems. Among the many pressing issues is the long-standing and unresolved issue of illegal debt collection. The most common manifestations of this behaviour is marked by threats, terror, intimidation, and misusing Borrowers' Personal Data. In light of this, a legal framework to protect borrowers who suffer losses become critical, and thus the objective of this research is to analyze the existing legal framework to eradicate unlawful debt collection as well as legal protection for its victims from debt collector’s mistreatment that may physically and psychologically harm the Borrowers as well as their Personal Data rights. This paper employs normative legal research through statutory and conceptual approaches.

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