Perlindungan hukum terhadap harta dalam perkawinan dengan pembuatan perjanjian perkawinan

Nainggolan, Kevin Raymond (2023) Perlindungan hukum terhadap harta dalam perkawinan dengan pembuatan perjanjian perkawinan. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Tujuan penelitian dalam penulisan skiripsi yang dilakukan peneliti untuk mengetahui perlindungan hukum terhadap harta dalam perjanjian perkawinan dan pembagian harta bersama jika pasangan suami dan istri melakukan perceraian, agar tidak ada pihak yang dirugikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif empiris dengan melakukan wawancara kepada beberapa narasumber seperti Hakim dan juga notaris maupun melalui studi kepustakaan dengan pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach) dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum terhadap harta dalam perjanjian perkawinan hanya dapat terwujud melalui proses pendaftaran perjanjian perkawinan melalui pejabat umum yang ditunjuk oleh pemerintah untuk pembuatan akta otentik. Apabila pasangan suami istri telah menyusun surat perjanjian perkawinan sesuai dengan ketentuan Pasal 139 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata, konsekuensinya adalah tidak ada harta bersama. Oleh karena itu, harta tersebut akan dibagi berdasarkan nama yang terdaftar dalam kepemilikan harta tersebut. Sementara itu, jika tidak terdapat perjanjian perkawinan, pembagian harta bersama terjadi atas harta benda yang diperoleh selama perkawinan, serta harta bawaan masing-masing suami istri dan harta benda yang diperoleh sebagai hadiah atau warisan, yang berada di bawah penguasaan masing-masing, selama tidak ada ketentuan lain yang ditetapkan oleh para pihak. Perlindungan hukum terhadap harta dalam perjanjian perkawinan seharusnya dilakukan sebelum perkawinan dilangsungkan, guna mencegah potensi kesalahpahaman di masa mendatang. Pembuatan perjanjian perkawinan harus dilakukan dengan itikhad baik, memperhatikan aspek hukum, agama, kesusilaan, dan ketertiban umum, agar tidak merugikan pihak lain atau pihak ketiga. Jika salah satu pihak merasa tidak ingin mencampurkan harta miliknya dengan orang lain, termasuk istrinya, disarankan agar pihak tersebut membuat perjanjian perkawinan sebelum pernikahan dilangsungkan. Hal ini bertujuan untuk memastikan bahwa harta yang dimiliki saat ini tidak akan bercampur dengan harta yang dimiliki oleh pasangan suami istri di masa depan. / The purpose of the research in writing the thesis conducted by the researcher is to find out the legal protection of property in the marriage agreement and the division of joint property if the husband and wife divorce, so that no party is harmed. This research uses empirical normative legal research methods by conducting interviews with several sources such as judges and notaries as well as through literature studies with a statute approach and case approach. The results show that legal protection of property in a marriage agreement can only be realised through the process of registering a marriage agreement through a public official appointed by the government to make an authentic deed. If a married couple has drawn up a marriage agreement in accordance with the provisions of Article 139 of the Civil Code, the consequence is that there is no joint property. Therefore, the property will be divided based on the name registered in the ownership of the property. Meanwhile, if there is no marriage agreement, the division of joint property occurs on property obtained during marriage, as well as the innate property of each husband and wife and property obtained as a gift or inheritance, which is under their respective control, as long as there are no other provisions stipulated by the parties. Legal protection of property in a marriage agreement should be done before the marriage takes place, in order to prevent potential misunderstandings in the future. The making of a marriage agreement must be done in good faith, taking into account aspects of law, religion, decency, and public order, so as not to harm other parties or third parties. If one party does not want to mix his property with others, including his wife, it is recommended that the party make a marriage agreement before the marriage takes place. This aims to ensure that the assets owned today will not be mixed with the assets owned by the married couple in the future.

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