Studi kelayakan proyek pembangkit listrik tenaga bayu (pltb) Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur

Hutauruk, Galumbang M. (2024) Studi kelayakan proyek pembangkit listrik tenaga bayu (pltb) Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur. Masters thesis, Unversitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Laju perubahan iklim berdampak langsung pada kehidupan umat manusia. Aktivitas industri, kerusakan lingkungan dan penggunaan energi fosil secara masif mengakibatkan kenaikan suhu permukaan bumi, naiknya suhu dan permukaan air laut, bencana alam dan kelaparan serta kemiskinan. Untuk mencegah dampak yang lebih buruk pada tahun 2015 negara-negara anggota PBB melalui Paris Agreement membuat kesepakatan dan komitmen bersama untuk melawan dampak laju perubahan iklim. Indonesia melalui dokumen Nationally Determine Contribution menetapkan target pengurangan emisi gas rumah kaca sebesar 31,89% dengan usaha sendiri dan 43,20% dengan bantuan luar negeri. Untuk mengimplementasikan salah satu komitmen tersebut dalam bidang energi pemerintah Indonesia menggalakkan pemanfaat energi baru terbarukan. Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Bayu merupakan salah satu sumber energi ramah lingkungan, Indonesia memiliki potensi energi angin sebesar 60.647 MW yang tersebar di berbagai wilayah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kelayakan pembangunan PLTB sebagai peluang investasi ditinjau dari segi aspek umum, aspek teknis dan aspek ekonomi,. Ruang lingkup proyek yang ditinjau adalah potensi PLTB on shore di daerah kabupaten Banyuwangi. Metode penelitian dengan mixed method, pada tahap awal analisis mengunakan deskripsi General Assessment mengenai potensi kelayakan Pembangkit Tenaga Listrik Tenaga Bayu (PLTB) untuk mengkaji beberapa aspek. Selanjutnya diteruskan dengan penelitian kuantitatif pada tahap Technical Assessment dan Economic Financial Assessment. Dari studi kelayakan potensi PLTB di daerah Banyuwangi diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: PLTB Banyuwangi layak dari aspek umum, kecepatan angin rata-rata 6,9 m/dtk pada ketinggian 100 m, menghasilkan daya listik dengan turbin terpasang sebesar 30 x 2,0 MW atau sebesar 60 MW, dengan produksi energi listrik tahunan sebesar 199.825.466,54 kWh. Biaya investasi sebesar USD 85.555.982,71. Dengan nilai IRR sebesar 23,42%, NPV positif sebesar USD 39.484.855,43, nilai ROI sebesar 34,33% dan payback periode 6 tahun sejak mulai konstruksi. Dari hasil analisis studi kelayakan direkomendasikan bahwa pembangunan PLTB Banyuwangi layak untuk ditindaklanjuti sebagai peluang investasi energi terbarukan. / The rate of climate change has a direct impact on human life. Industrial activities, environmental damage and massive use of fossil energy have resulted in an increase in the earth's surface temperature, rising temperatures and sea levels, natural disasters and hunger and poverty. To prevent worse impacts in 2015, UN member countries through the Paris Agreement made a joint agreement and commitment to fight the impacts of climate change. Indonesia, through the Nationally Determine Contribution document, sets a target for reducing greenhouse gas emissions of 31.89% with its own efforts and 43.20% with foreign assistance. To implement one of these commitments in the energy sector, the Indonesian government is encouraging the use of new, renewable energy. The Wind Power Plant is an environmentally friendly energy source. Indonesia has a wind energy potential of 60,647 MW spread across various regions. This research aims to examine the feasibility of developing WPP as an investment opportunity in terms of general aspects, technical aspects and economic aspects. The scope of the project being reviewed is the potential for on shore WPP in the Banyuwangi district area. The research method is mixed method, in the initial stage of the analysis using the General Assessment description regarding the potential feasibility of the Wind Power Plant (WPP) to examine several aspects. Next, continue with quantitative research at the Technical Assessment and Economic Financial Assessment stages. From the feasibility study of PLTB potential in the Banyuwangi area, the following results were obtained: Banyuwangi PLTB is feasible from a general aspect, average wind speed of 6.9 m/s at a height of 100 m, produces electrical power with an installed turbine of 30 x 2.0 MW or amounting to 60 MW, with annual electrical energy production of 199,825,466.54 kWh. Investment costs are USD 85,555,982.71. With an IRR value of 23.42%, a positive NPV of USD 39,484,855.43, an ROI value of 34.33% and a payback period of 6 years from the start of construction. From the results of the feasibility study analysis, it is recommended that the construction of the Banyuwangi PLTB is worthy of being followed up as a renewable energy investment opportunity.

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