Hubungan Status Gizi Dengan Dismenore Primer Pada Mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pelita Harapan

Amanda, Rania Cinta (2023) Hubungan Status Gizi Dengan Dismenore Primer Pada Mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pelita Harapan. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Dismenore, atau nyeri yang berlebih saat menstruasi memiliki angka kejadian yang tinggi. Berdasarkan World Health Organization atau WHO, angka rata-rata terjadinya dismenore lebih dari 50% perempuan di setiap negara- nya. Di Indonesia, kejadian dismenore cukup sering terjadi. Untuk dismenore primer, yang terjadi sekitar 54,89%, sedangkan sisanya 45,11% yang mengalami dismenore sekunder. Berbagai faktor dapat mempengaruhi kejadian dismenore, seperti status gizi. Status gizi yang baik akan mempengaruhi pembentukan hormon- hormon yang terlibat dalam menstruasi, yaitu hormon FSH (Follice-Stimulating Hormone), LH (Luteinizing Hormone), estrogen dan juga progesterone. Hormon FSH, LH dan estrogen bersama-sama akan terlibat dalam siklus menstruasi, sedangkan hormon progesterone mempengaruhi uterus yaitu dapat mengurangi kontraksi selama siklus haid. Status gizi yang baik akan mempercepat pembentukan hormon-hormon tersebut, hormone yang dihasilkan akan seimbang dan juga akan maksimal dalam melakukan fungsinya. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui serta memahami hubungan status gizi baik dari hasil IMT yang normal, kurang ataupun lebih dengan kejadian dismenore primer pada Mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran di Universitas Pelita Harapan. Metodelogi: Penelitian ini akan metode studi potong lintang. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan pengukuran IMT berdasarkan berat badan dan tinggi badan. Setelah itu akan dilakukan pengelompokan berdasarkan hasil. Hasil: Dari 126 responden kriteria inklusi, didapat 57 responden yang memiliki status gizi berlebih dan 69 responden yang memiliki status gizi normal. Pada responden yang memiliki status gizi berlebih, terdapat 42 (73,7%) responden yang mengalami dysmenore sedangkan sisanya 15 (26,3%) responden tidak mengalami dismenore. Pada responden yang memiliki zat gizi yang normal, terdapat 14 (20,3%) responden yang mengalami dysmenore dan sisanya 55 (79,7%) responden tidak mengalami dysmenore. Berdasarkan uji Chi Square didapatkan nilai p sebesar 0.01 sehingga P Value < 0,05 dan menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara status gizi dengan dismenore primer pada Mahasiswi Fakultas kedokteran Universitas Pelita Harapan./Background: Dysmenorrhea, or excessive pain during menstruation has a high incidence. Based on the World Health Organization or WHO, the average incidence of dysmenorrhea is more than 50% of women in each country. In Indonesia, the incidence of dysmenorrhea is quite common. For primary dysmenorrhea, which occurs around 54.89%, while the remaining 45.11% experience secondary dysmenorrhea. Various factors can influence the incidence of dysmenorrhea, such as nutritional status. Good nutritional status will affect the formation of hormones involved in menstruation, namely the hormones FSH (Follice-Stimulating Hormone), LH (Luteinizing Hormone), estrogen and also progesterone. The hormones FSH, LH and estrogen together will be involved in the menstrual cycle, while the hormone progesterone affects the uterus, which can reduce contractions during the menstrual cycle. Good nutritional status will accelerate the formation of these hormones, the hormones produced will be balanced and will also be maximal in carrying out its functions. Purpose: This study aims to determine and understand the relationship between nutritional status, both from normal BMI results, less or more with the incidence of dysmenorrhea in female students of the Faculty of Medicine at Pelita Harapan University. Methodology: This study will use a cross-sectional study approach method. This study also uses BMI measurements based on body weight and height. After that, grouping will be carried out based on the results. Result: Of the 126 respondents with inclusion criteria, 57 respondents had excessive nutritional status and 69 respondents had normal nutritional status. Of the respondents who had excessive nutritional status, there were 42 (73.7%) respondents who experienced dysmenorrhea while the remaining 15 (26.3%) respondents did not experience dysmenorrhea. Of the respondents who had normal nutrition, there were 14 (20.3%) respondents who experienced dysmenorrhea and the remaining 55 (79.7%) respondents did not experience dysmenorrhea. Based on test Chi Square, the p value obtained is 0.001 so P Value < 0.05 and shows that there is a relationship between nutritional status and primary dysmenorrhea in female students at the Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University.

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