Hubungan antara durasi adenoma hipofisis dengan gangguan lapang pandang sesudah operasi di Rumah Sakit Siloam Lippo Village

Nurdestianti, Lina (2024) Hubungan antara durasi adenoma hipofisis dengan gangguan lapang pandang sesudah operasi di Rumah Sakit Siloam Lippo Village. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Adenoma hipofisis merupakan suatu tumor yang terletak di sela tursika dan dapat menyebabkan berbagai gejala, salah satunya yaitu gangguan lapang pandang. Gangguan lapang pandang merupakan hilangnya sebagian lapang pandang normal yang dikarenakan terdapat lesi di sepanjang jalur visual, salah satunya pada bagian optic chiasm. Tumor hipofisis besar dapat menekan saraf ini dan mempengaruhi kemampuan mata untuk mengirimkan informasi visual. Tumor hipofisis menekan kiasma optik, dapat menyebabkan kehilangan penglihatan lapang pandang di kedua mata. Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui durasi gangguan lapang pandang sebelum pasien terdiagnosis adenoma hipofisis dan durasi perbaikan gangguan lapang pandang setelah melakukan operasi di Rumah Sakit Siloam Lippo Village. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian analitik komparatif kategorik tidak berpasangan dengan menggunakan metode teknik sampling jenuh dan dilakukan dengan menggunakan data medical record pada pasien adenoma hipofisis di Rumah Sakit Siloam Lippo Village. Hasil: Jumlah sampel penelitian terdiri dari 19 sampel yang terbagi menjadi pasien yang mengalami perbaikan dan yang tidak mengalami perbaikan setelah operasi pengangkatan tumor adenoma hipofisis. Hasil analisis Chi-Square menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara durasi gangguan lapang pandang sebelum pasien terdiagnosis adenoma hipofisis dengan durasi perbaikan gangguan lapang pandang setelah melakukan operasi dengan risiko 64,7% (P=0,456). Hasil analisis Mann-Whitney menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok Perbaikan dan Tidak Perbaikan (P=<0.001). Kesimpulan: Durasi keluhan gangguan lapang pandang sebelum terdiagnosis adenoma hipofisis tidak berpengaruh pada perbaikan gangguan lapang pandang setelah dilakukan operasi adenoma hipofisis. Setelah dilakukan operasi adenoma hipofisis, perbedaan durasi perbaikan yang signifikan pada pasien dengan gangguan lapang pandang yang mengalami perbaikan dan yang tidak mengalami perbaikan. Operasi adenoma hipofisis memberikan hasil yang positif pada perbaikan gangguan lapang pandang. Pasien dengan durasi adenoma hipofisis kurang dari 12 bulan sebagian besar subjek menunjukkan perbaikan. Kata Kunci: Adenoma hipofisis, Tumor hipofisis, Gangguan lapang pandang / Background: Pituitary adenoma is a tumor located in the sella turcica and can cause various symptoms, one of which is visual field defects. Visual field defects are the loss of part of the normal visual field due to lesions along the visual pathway, one of which is at the optic chiasm. Large pituitary tumors can compress this nerve and affect the eye's ability to transmit visual information. Pituitary tumors pressing on the optic chiasm can cause loss of peripheral vision in both eyes. Objective: To determine the duration of visual field defects before patients are diagnosed with pituitary adenoma and the duration of improvement in visual field defects after undergoing surgery at Siloam Hospital Lippo Village. Method: This study uses a non-paired categorical comparative analytic research design, employing a saturation sampling technique and conducted using medical record data from pituitary adenoma patients at Siloam Hospital Lippo Village. Result: The total research sample consisted of 19 samples, divided into patients who experienced improvement and those who did not experience improvement after the surgery for pituitary adenoma tumor removal. Chi-Square analysis results show no significant relationship between the duration of visual field defects before patients were diagnosed with pituitary adenoma and the duration of improvement in visual field defects after surgery, with a risk of 64.7% (P=0.456). Mann-Whitney analysis results show a significant difference between the Improvement and No Improvement groups (P=<0.001). Conclusion: The duration of visual field defect complaints before being diagnosed with pituitary adenoma does not affect the improvement of visual field defects after pituitary adenoma surgery. After pituitary adenoma surgery, there is a significant difference in the duration of improvement between patients with visual field defects who experienced improvement and those who did not. Pituitary adenoma surgery yields positive results in improving visual field defects. Patients with a pituitary adenoma duration of less than 12 months showed improvement in most subjects. Keywords: Pituitary adenoma, Pituitary tumor, Visual field defect, Visual field loss.

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