Hubungan Anemia pada Ibu Hamil dengan Antropometri Bayi Baru Lahir

Wardani, Wahyuningrum (2024) Hubungan Anemia pada Ibu Hamil dengan Antropometri Bayi Baru Lahir. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Anemia merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat global yang serius, terutama memengaruhi anak-anak dan wanita hamil. Anemia pada kehamilan dapat didefinisikan sebagai penurunan kadar Hb kurang dari 11 g/dl selama masa kehamilan pada trimester 1 dan 3 atau kurang dari 10 g/dl pada trimester 2. Anemia pada ibu hamil dapat menyebabkan terjadinya abortus, ancaman dekompensasi kordi mola hidatidosa, persalinan prematuritas, hambatan tumbuh kembang janin dalam rahim, mudah terjadi infeksi, hiperemesis gravidarum, perdarahan antepartum, ketuban pecah dini (KPD), hal ini menyebabkan anemia masih menjadi masalah kronik di Indonesia. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara anemia pada ibu hamil dengan antropometri pada bayi baru lahir Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan studi analitik dengan metode desain cross-sectional berdasarkan hasil rekam medis ibu yang melahirkan di Rumah Sakit Siloam Gedung B, Karawaci, dengan pertimbangan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit Siloam Gedung B, Karawaci, dengan melakukan pengambilan data rekam medis. Waktu penelitian yang dibutuhkan untuk menyelesaikan penelitian ini adalah 9 bulan, dimulai dari bulan Agustus 2022 sampai April 2023. Besar sampel yang akan diambil berdasarkan hasil perhitungan menggunakan rumus analitik komparatif numerik tidak berpasangan pada penelitian ini merupakan sampel yang terbesar yaitu sebanyak 104 sampel. Pengolahan data dilakukan menggunakan program Microsoft excel, sedangkan analisis data akan menggunakan program IBM SPSS 23.0 menggunakan metode utama Pearson test. Hasil: Pada penelitian ini, didapatkan proporsi BBL kurang pada ibu anemia sebanyak 8 bayi (100%) dengan BBL normal pada ibu anemia sebanyak 44 bayi (45,8%) secara statistik nilai p=0,666. Berdasarkan PBL didapatkan proporsi PBL kurang pada ibu anemia sebanyak 14 bayi (41,2%) dengan PBL normal pada ibu anemia sebanyak 38 bayi (54,3%) secara statistik nilai p=0,827. Berdasarkan LKL didapatkan proporsi LKL mikrosefali pada ibu anemia sebanyak 15 bayi (50%) dengan LKL normal pada ibu anemia sebanyak 37 bayi (50%) secara statistik nilai p=0,445. Kesimpulan: pada penelitian ini, tidak didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar Hb selama kehamilan trimester ketiga terhadap antropometri bayi baru lahir. Kata Kunci: Anemia, Ibu Hamil, Antropometri, Bayi Baru Lahir/ Background: Anemia is a serious global public health problem, especially affecting children and pregnant women. Anemia in pregnancy can be defined as a decrease in Hb levels of less than 11 g/dl during pregnancy in the 1st and 3rd trimesters or less than 10 g/dl in the 2nd trimester. Anemia in pregnant women can cause abortion, threat of cord decompensation, hydatidiform mole, childbirth prematurity, inhibition of fetal growth and development in the womb, easy infection, hyperemesis gravidarum, antepartum bleeding, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), this causes anemia to still be a chronic problem in Indonesia Objective: To determine the relationship between anemia in pregnant women and anthropometry in newborns Research Methods: This research was conducted using an analytic study with a cross-sectional design method based on the medical records of mothers who gave birth at Siloam Lippo Village Hospital, Karawaci, with consideration of inclusion and exclusion criteria. This research will be carried out at the Siloam Lippo Village Hospital, Karawaci, by collecting medical record data. The research time needed to complete this research is 9 months, starting from August 2022 to April 2023. The sample size to be taken based on the results of calculations using the unpaired categorical comparative analytical formula in this study is the largest sample, namely 104 samples. Data processing is performed using the Microsoft Excel program, while data analysis will use the IBM SPSS 23.0 program using the main method of the Pearson test. Results: in this study, proportion of low birth weight in anemic mother is 8 samples (100%) compared to normal birth weight in anemic mother 44 samples (45,8%) statistically, acquired p value=0,666. In variable low birth length in anemic mother is 14 samples (41,2%) compared to normal birth length in anemic mother 38 samples (54,3%) statistically, acquired p value=0,827. In variable low head circumference in anemic mother is 15 samples (50%) compared to normal head circumference in anemic moter 37 samples (50%) statistically, acquired p value=0,445. Conclusion: in this study, there is no significant relation between mothers haemoglobin concetration during third trimester of pregnancy to baby antropometry on birth. Keywords: Anemia, Pregnant Women, Anthropometry, Newborns

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