Mapping diagnostic marker pasien kanker payudara di Rumah Sakit x Jakarta periode Januari 2022-Desember 2023

Driana, Riska Ardela (2024) Mapping diagnostic marker pasien kanker payudara di Rumah Sakit x Jakarta periode Januari 2022-Desember 2023. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Kanker payudara merupakan kanker dengan angka kejadian terbanyak dan menempati urutan pertama sebagai kanker penyumbang kematian di Indonesia. Diagnosis dini dan pengobatan yang tepat merupakan kunci dalam meningkatkan hasil terapi dan kelangsungan hidup pasien. Biomarker klinis berperan sangat penting dalam diagnostik dan menjadi landasan dalam pengambilan keputusan klinis untuk pasien kanker payudara karena kanker payudara merupakan penyakit kompleks dan heterogen yang memerlukan pengobatan dipersonalisasi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran distribusi diagnostik biomarker dan apakah terapi yang diberikan sesuai dengan biomarker pada pasien kanker payudara di rumah sakit X Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain restrospektif dan bersifat observational kepada 295 pasien kanker payudara yang melakukan pemeriksaan imunohistokimia atau diagnostik molekuler pada periode Januari 2022-Desember 2023. Data diolah dalam bentuk tabel dan chart kemudian data dianalisa secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pasien kanker payudara didominasi oleh kelompok pra-lansia dengan jenis kelamin perempuan dan domisili pasien terbanyak terdapat di pulau Jawa. Terdapat perbedaan sebaran angka kejadian subtipe HER2+ dan TNBC antara hasil penelitian dengan penelitian internasional. Luminal A menjadi subtipe dengan frekuensi terbanyak, diikuti Luminal B, HER2+, dan TNBC. Meskipun hasil pemeriksaan biomarker telah memungkinkan pemberian terapi yang sesuai namun karena berbagai faktor penggunaan kemoterapi masih mendominasi dalam praktik pengobatan kanker payudara. / Breast cancer is the cancer with the highest incidence and ranks first as a cancer that contributes to death in Indonesia. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are key in improving therapeutic outcomes and patient survival. Clinical biomarkers play a very important role in diagnostics and become the basis for clinical decision making for breast cancer patients because breast cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease that requires personalized treatment. The study aims to determine the diagnostic distribution of biomarkers and whether the therapy given is in accordance with biomarkers in breast cancer patients at X Jakarta hospital. This study used a restrospective and observational design to 295 breast cancer patients who performed immunohistochemical or molecular diagnostic examinations in the period January 2022-December 2023. The data were processed in the form of tables and charts then the data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that breast cancer patients were dominated by the pre-elderly group with female gender and the domicile of most patients was on the island of Java. There are differences in the distribution of HER2+ and TNBC subtype incidence rates between the results of research and international studies. Luminal A was the subtype with the highest frequency, followed by Luminal B, HER2+, and TNBC. Although the results of biomarker testing have enabled the provision of appropriate therapy, due to various factors the use of conventional chemotherapy still dominates in the practice of breast cancer treatment.

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