Pengaruh berat badan terhadap paparan radiasi saat percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)

Lee, Michelle Lavinia (2018) Pengaruh berat badan terhadap paparan radiasi saat percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Background: Higher body weight than normal as in overweight and obese patients is one of the risk factor of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). ACS patients will undergo PCI procedure to open blockages in the coronary arteries, restore blood flow to myocardium, and to prevent angina and myocardial infarction. The use of radiation during PCI is essential for the imaging to identify the location and severity of lesions in the coronary artery. Radiation use has adverse side effects such as irreversible skin damage, malignancy, and genetic disorders for both patients and medical personnel. Theoretically, there will be an increase in radiation exposure in patient undergoing PCI with a heavier weight. However, there has now been much research linking weight to radiation exposure in detail, especially in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the effect of weight on exposure to radiation. Methods: This study uses a cohort design with secondary data collection from the medical records. The target sample is 63 people who are ACS patients who receives PCI in Rumah Sakit Umum Siloam Karawaci who are selected using purposive sampling. Data collection will be conducted on January 2018 – May 2018. Ethical approval of the study will be submitted to UPH Faculty of Medicine ethics committee. The results of this study will be processed with SPSS 23 program and special diagnostic test using t- test.vi Result: From 69 samples, 34 samples with the weight <65kg have an average total AK of 548.7 ± 259.4 mGy and 35 samples with the weight ≥65kg have an average total AK of 815.1 ± 455.4 mGy. In conclusion, there is a significant impact of weight on the exposure of ionizing radiation seen from the p value of 0.004 (p < 0.05) / Latar Belakang: Berat badan lebih dari normal seperti pada pasien overweight dan obese merupakan salah satu faktor resiko SKA. Pasien SKA akan menjalani prosedur PCI untuk membuka penyumbatan pada arteri koroner, mengembalikan aliran darah ke miokard, dan untuk mencegah angina dan infark miokard. Penggunaan radiasi selama PCI sangat penting untuk memberikan gambaran lokasi dan tingkat keparahan lesi pada arteri koroner. Penggunaan radiasi memilik efek samping yang merugikan seperti kerusakan kulit ireversibel hingga keganasan dan kelainan genetik baik untuk pasien maupun untuk tenaga medis. Secara teori, akan ada peningkatan paparan radiasi apabila pasien yang menerima prosedur memiliki berat badan yang lebih tinggi. Namun, masih belum banyak penelitian yang mengkaitkan berat badan terhadap paparan rasdiasi secara rinci, terlebih di Indonesia. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh berat badan terhadap paparan radiasi. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cohort dengan pengambilan data sekunder melali rekam medis. Target sampel sebanyak 63 orang yang merupakan pasien SKA yang mendapatkan PCI di Rumah Sakit Umum Siloam Karawaci dengan purposive sampling.iv Pengambilan data akan dilakukan selama Januari 2018-Mei 2018. Etika persetujuan penelitian akan diajukan kepada komite etik FK UPH. Hasil penelitian akan diolah dengan program SPSS versi 23 dengan uji khusus menggunakan t – test. Hasil : Dari 69 sampel, terdapat 34 sampel dengan berat badan <65 kg yang memiliki nilai mean total AK 548.7 ± 259 mGy. Terdapat 35 sampel dengan berat badan ≥65 kg memiliki nilai mean AK 815.1 ± 455.4 mGy total air kerma. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh berat badan terhadap paparan radiasi dilihat dari p value 0.004 (p < 0.05).

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