Perlindungan hukum tenaga medis dari risiko tuntutan hukum malpraktik medis dalam perspektif manajemen risiko dan asuransi

Amir, Budi (2024) Perlindungan hukum tenaga medis dari risiko tuntutan hukum malpraktik medis dalam perspektif manajemen risiko dan asuransi. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Pengaturan mengenai perlindungan hukum bagi tenaga medis dalam perspektif manajemen risiko dan asuransi terhadap tuntutan malpraktik medis secara normatif belum diatur secara memadai dalam peraturan perundang- undangan. UU Kesehatan Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kesehatan hanya mengatur mengenai hak tenaga medis dan tenaga kesehatan untuk mendapatkan perlindungan hukum sepanjang melaksanakan tugas sesuai dengan standar profesi, standar pelayanan profesi, standar prosedur operasional dan etika profesi serta kebutuhan kesehatan pasien namun belum mengatur mengenai kewajiban tenaga medis dan tenaga kesehatan untuk memproteksi diri apabila terjadi tuntutan dan/ atau gugatan dari pasien dalam perspektif manajemen risiko. Sesungguhnya UU Kesehatan telah mengatur perlindungan hukum bagi tenaga medis dengan penegakan disiplin profesi melalui majelis disiplin profesi terlebih dahulu sebelum dilakukannya due process of law di Pengadilan Pidana maupun Perdata, serta mengamanatkan penyelesaian perselisihan melalui proses keadilan restoratif dan merekomendasikan penyelesaian perselisihan di luar pengadilan Berdasarkan studi komparasi dengan Malaysia, kewajiban mengelola manajemen risiko melalui kepemilikan Asuransi Malpraktik Medis sepenuhnya telah diatur oleh undang- undang. Pengelolaan Manajemen Risiko melalui Asuransi Malpraktik Medis/Professional Indemnity bagi tenaga medis dan tenaga kesehatan menjadi salah satu upaya untuk mengantisipasi adanya gugatan/ dan atau tuntutan dari pasien. Belum diaturnya kewajiban bagi tenaga medis untuk memiliki Asuransi Malpraktik Medis/Professional Indemnity menimbulkan konsekuensi tidak diperolehnya penggantian kerugian bagi tenaga medis atas biaya- biaya pembelaan hukum dan biaya ganti rugi bagi pasien apabila tenaga medis mendapatkan risiko tuntutan hukum dari pasien atas dugaan terjadinya malpraktik medis. Asuransi Malpraktek Medis dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif perlindungan profesi yang dapat memberikan perlindungan bagi tenaga medis dan tenaga kesehatan dalam menjalankan profesinya dengan menjamin penggantian finansial dan memberikan bantuan hukum atas tuntutan pihak ketiga. Dimilikinya proteksi bagi tenaga medis dan tenaga kesehatan melalui Asuransi Malpraktik Medis. / Professional Indemnity memberikan perlindungan bagi para tenaga medis dan tenaga kesehatan dalam menjalankan profesinya yang penuh dengan risiko. Kata Kunci: Malpraktik Medis, Manajemen Risiko, Asuransi / The regulatory framework for the legal protection of medical professionals from medical malpractice claims, in the context of risk management and insurance, is normatively inadequate in the current legislation. The Health Law No. 17 of 2023 primarily addresses the rights of medical and health professionals to legal protection, provided they perform their duties in accordance with professional standards, service standards, operational procedures, professional ethics, and patient health needs. However, it does not adequately regulate the obligation of medical and health professionals to protect themselves against potential claims and/or lawsuits from patients from a risk management perspective. While the Health Act does provide for legal protection through the enforcement of professional discipline by the professional disciplinary board prior to initiating due process of law in Criminal or Civil Court, it also mandates the resolution of disputes through restorative justice processes and recommends out-of-court settlements. Based on a comparative study , the law in Malaysia requires medical personnel to manage risk management through the ownership of Medical Malpractice Insurance/Professional Indemnity. Managing risk through Medical Malpractice Insurance/Professional Indemnity for medical and health professionals is one approach to anticipating claims and/or lawsuits from patients. The absence of a mandate for medical professionals to possess Medical Malpractice Insurance/Professional Indemnity results in the lack of compensation for medical professionals for legal defense costs and patient compensation in the event lawsuits from patients due to alleged medical malpractice. Medical Malpractice Insurance/Professional Indemnity can serve as an alternative form of professional protection, providing coverage for financial compensation and legal assistance against third-party claims. Having such protection ensures that medical and health professionals are safeguarded while practicing in a high-risk profession. Keywords: Medical Malpractice, Risk Management, Insurance

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