Peran Uni Afrika dalam upaya menanggulangi kelompok teror al-Shabaab di Afrika Timur = The role of African union in effort to counter Alshabaab terrorism group in East Africa

Bramwell, Jerremy Jordan (2020) Peran Uni Afrika dalam upaya menanggulangi kelompok teror al-Shabaab di Afrika Timur = The role of African union in effort to counter Alshabaab terrorism group in East Africa. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Al-Shabaab is a terror group who controls the East African region. Various acts of terror both suicide bombings to car bombs have been carried out by this group with the aim to execute the Sharia law. The existence of Al-shabaab which increasingly controls this region has caused the African Union to intervene to create security stability in the East African region. The study uses qualitative methods with sources obtained from literature studies from various empirical sources. The study also uses the Regional Security Complex Theory (RSCT) and also the concept of national interest and alliance. The involvement of the African Union is a form of application of the principle of non-indifference adopted by the African Union to resolve conflicts and create peace in the region. In countering the Al-Shabaab movement, the African Union collaborated with the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) by forming a special African Union Mission called the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM). AMISOM's performance has caused a lot of controversy due to reports that AMISOM is committing criminal acts against Somali’s local and cooperating with al-Shabaab in several regions. Al-Shabaab merupakan kelompok teror yang sampai saat ini menguasai kawasan Afrika Timur. Berbagai aksi teror baik bom bunuh diri hingga bom mobil telah dilakukan oleh kelompok ini dengan tujuan untuk menegakkan hukum Syariah. Keberadaan Al-shabaab yang semakin menguasai kawasan ini menyebabkan Uni Afrika turun tangan untuk menciptakan kestabilan keamanan di kawasan Afrika Timur. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan sumber yang diperoleh dari studi pustaka dari berbagai sumber empiris. Penelitian ini memakai teori Regional Security Complex (RSCT) dan dibantu konsep kepentingan nasional dan aliansi. Keterlibatan Uni Afrika merupakan bentuk penerapan prinsip non-indifference yang dianut oleh Uni Afrika untuk menyelesaikan konflik dan menciptakan perdamaian di kawasan. Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa dalam menanggulangi pergerakan Al-Shabaab, Uni Afrika bekerjasama dengan United Nations Security Council (UNSC) dengan membentuk Misi khusus Uni Afrika yang bernama African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM). Kinerja AMISOM menuai banyak kontroversi karena adanya laporan bahwa AMISOM melakukan tindakan kriminal kepada masyarakat lokal Somalia dan melakukan kerjasama dengan kelompok terorisme al-Shabaab dibeberapa daerah.

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