Kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia untuk Afghanistan setelah pemerintah Taliban berkuasa kembali tahun 2021: sebuah analisis konstruktivisme

Sairwona, Musa Derek (2024) Kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia untuk Afghanistan setelah pemerintah Taliban berkuasa kembali tahun 2021: sebuah analisis konstruktivisme. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

This research aims to analyze the challenges and foreign policy of Indonesia towards Afghanistan under the Taliban government after their return to power in August 2021, using a constructivist approach. This study is a case study with a qualitative approach to deeply understand the context and dynamics of Indonesia's relations with Afghanistan under the Taliban regime. The research is based on the assumption that social reality, including international relations, is shaped by the interactions and perceptions of relevant actors, and emphasizes the importance of understanding the meanings and interpretations that actors assign to their actions and policies. In addition to open sources, this research also utilizes data from the archives of the Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, interviews with the Director for South and Central Asia at the Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the author's observations as a staff member at the Directorate for South and Central Asia at the Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The results of the study conclude that Indonesia's values, norms, and identity have influenced its foreign policy choices towards Afghanistan following the Taliban's return to power in August 2021. The research recommends several foreign policy measures and further studies, including comparative studies on the foreign policies of Muslim countries towards the Taliban and studies on the influence of identity and norms in Indonesia's foreign policy. / Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tantangan dan kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia terhadap Afghanistan di bawah pemerintahan Taliban pasca kembali berkuasa pada Agustus 2021 dengan menggunakan pendekatan konstruktivisme. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif untuk memahami secara mendalam konteks dan dinamika hubungan Indonesia dengan Afghanistan di bawah pemerintahan Taliban. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada asumsi bahwa realitas sosial termasuk hubungan internasional dibentuk oleh interaksi dan persepsi aktor-aktor terkait, serta pentingnya memahami makna dan interpretasi yang diberikan oleh aktor terhadap tindakan dan kebijakan mereka. Selain dari sumber terbuka, penelitian ini juga menggunakan data dari arsip Kemenlu RI, wawancara dengan Direktur Asia Selatan dan Tengah, Kemenlu RI serta hasil observasi penulis sebagai Staf pada Direktorat Asia Selatan dan Tengah, Kemenlu RI. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa nilai dan norma serta identitas Indonesia telah mempengaruhi pilihan kebijakan luar negeri terhadap Afghanistan pasca kembali berkuasanya Taliban pada Agustus 2021. Penelitian merekomendasikan sejumlah kebijakan luar negeri serta penelitian lebih lanjut yang antara lain mencakup studi komparatif kebijakan luar negeri negara-negara Muslim terhadap Taliban, serta studi pengaruh identitas dan norma dalam kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia.

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