Implementasi autentikasi biometrik E-KTP sebagai bentuk pencegahan penipuan dalam akta notariil

Bunda, Mervinta Tiara (2024) Implementasi autentikasi biometrik E-KTP sebagai bentuk pencegahan penipuan dalam akta notariil. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Upaya pencegahan tindak pidana penipuan dalam autentikasi biometrik E-KTP pada akta notariil yakni bahwa E-KTP merupakan satu alat bukti keabsahan yang digunakan oleh seseorang untuk menghadap Notaris. Notaris menjamin kepastian hukum, ketertiban dan perlindungan hukum melalui akta autentik yang dibuat oleh dan dihadapannya, maka akta autentik merupakan alat bukti yang kuat dan apabila terjadi sengketa di Pengadilan kecuali dapat dibuktikan ketidakbenarannya, sehingga akta Notaris memberikan suatu pembuktian yang sempurna seperti yang disebutkan di dalam Pasal 1870 KUH Perdata kepada para pihak yang membuatnya. Walaupun demikian pengenalan penghadap menggunakan Kartu Tanda Penduduk kadang kala mengalami permasalahan khususnya masalah keautentikan sebuah Kartu Tanda Penduduk (KTP), hal ini disebabkan karena KTP secara fisik sangat mudah dipalsukan oleh oknum-oknum yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Keterbatasan Notaris memverifikasi keaslian KTP membuat Notaris tersangkut kasus baik pidana maupun perdata. Pencantuman identitas palsu berupa E-KTP dalam suatu perjanjian dapat dikategorikan sebagai penipuan sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 1321 KUHPerdata. Akibatnya, penipuan tersebut melanggar syarat subjektif Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata butir 1 mengenai kesepakatan para pihak.Adapun upaya dalam penanggulangan tindak pidana penipuan dalam autentikasi biometrik E-KTP pada akta notariil pun harus memenuhi unsur-unsur tindak pidana seperti yang dirumuskan oleh Moeljatno yaitu merupakan suatu perbuatan (manusia), kemudian memenuhi syarat formil (rumusan UU), dan yang terakhir memenuhi syarat materil yang artinya harus bersifat melawan hukum dan benar-benar dirasakan oleh masyarakat karena bertentangan dengan yang selama ini ada di masyarakat). / Efforts to prevent criminal acts of fraud in biometric authentication of E-KTP on notarial deeds are that E-KTP is a form of proof of validity used by a person to appear before a Notary. The notary guarantees legal certainty, order and legal protection through an authentic deed made by and in front of him, so the authentic deed is strong evidence and if a dispute occurs in court unless it can be proven to be untrue, the Notary's deed provides perfect proof as mentioned in Article 1870 of the Civil Code to the parties who made it. However, the introduction of residents using a Resident Identity Card sometimes experiences problems, especially the issue of the authenticity of a Resident Identity Card (KTP), this is because physical KTPs are very easily faked by irresponsible individuals. Notaries' limitations in verifying the authenticity of KTPs make Notaries involved in both criminal and civil cases. The inclusion of a fake identity in the form of an E-KTP in an agreement can be categorized as fraud as intended in Article 1321 of the Civil Code. As a result, this fraud violates the subjective requirements of Article 1320 of the Civil Code, point 1 regarding the agreement between the parties. As for efforts to overcome criminal acts of fraud in the biometric authentication of E-KTP in notarial deeds, they must also fulfill the elements of a criminal act as formulated by Moeljatno, namely that it constitutes an act. (humans), then fulfill the formal requirements (formulation of the law), and finally fulfill the material requirements, which means it must be against the law and truly felt by society because it is contrary to what has existed in society).

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