Pengaruh Penggunaan Superplasticizer terhadap Workability dan Kuat Tekan Beton Geopolimer = The Effect of Superplasticizer on Workability and Compression Strength of Geopolymer Concrete

Susanto, Jonathan (2020) Pengaruh Penggunaan Superplasticizer terhadap Workability dan Kuat Tekan Beton Geopolimer = The Effect of Superplasticizer on Workability and Compression Strength of Geopolymer Concrete. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Meningkatnya jumlah produksi portland cement di dunia akibat tingginya kegiatan pembangunan membuat jumlah karbon dioksida yang dihasilkan mencapai angka 8% dari jumlah karbon dioksida yang ada di dunia. Jumlah produksi semen portland sudah meningkat sebanyak 65 kali lipat sejak tahun 1926. Penggunaan beton geopolimer yang merupakan beton tanpa portland cement adalah salah satu solusi atas permasalahan ini. Saat ini, beton geopolimer sudah dapat diproduksi dengan kuat tekan 20 – 40 Mpa dan dapat digunakan sebagai elemen struktur. Akan tetapi, beton geopolimer memiliki kekurangan, yaitu rendahnya tingkat workability dalam kegiatan pelaksanaan pengecoran. Saat ini, superplasticizer digunakan untuk meningkatkan workability pada beton konvensional w/c ratio rendah. Untuk melihat apakah superplasticizer juga dapat meningkatkan workability beton geopolimer maka penelitian ini dilakukan. Superplasticizer yang digunakan adalah jenis polycarboxylate yang mengandalkan mekanisme dispersi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh superplasticizer terhadap workability beton geopolimer dengan parameter nilai slump test dan setting time dari beton geopolimer yang dihasilkan. Mix design yang digunakan adalah beton geopolimer dengan larutan Sodium Hidroksida sebesar 2M, 4M, 6M, 8M, 12M, dan 16M dengan penambahan superplasticizer sebesar 2.5% dari abu terbang yang disusun berdasarkan SNI 03 – 2834 – 2000. Pengujian slump mengacu pada SNI 1972 tahun 2008. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa superplasticizer sebesar 2.5% yang ditambahkan pada beton geopolimer dapat meningkatkan nilai slump. Kenaikan slump terbesar terjadi pada mix design dengan molaritas larutan NaOH 8M, yaitu dari 8 cm menjadi 22 cm. Uji jarum vicat menunjukan penambahan superplasticizer sebesar 2.5% dapat memperlambat setting time beton geopolimer, yaitu dari 47 menit menjadi 63 menit pada mix design 16 M. Selain itu, dari uji kuat tekan yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa superplasticizer dapat menurunkan kuat tekan beton geopolimer. Penurunan yang paling kecil terjadi pada mix design 8M, yaitu sebesar 4.11% dan penurunan paling besar terjadi pada mix design 2M, yaitu sebesar 17.65%. Selain itu, steam curing dapat meningkatkan kuat tekan beton geopolimer sebesar lebih dari 55.6%. / Increased construction activities led to a rise in number of portland cement production. The amount of carbon dioxide produced because of cement production reach 8% of total amount of carbon dioxide in the world. The amount of portland cement production has increased 65 times since 1926. Geopolymer concrete is the solution to this problem because it doesn’t require portland cement as the basic material. Currently, geopolymer concrete can be produced with compressive strengths of 20 – 40 Mpa and can be used as structural elements. However, geopolymer concrete has a disadvantage, namely the low level of workability. Nowadays, superplasticizers are used to improve the workability of conventional concrete with low w/c ratio. This research was conducted to see whether the superplasticizer could also increase the workability of geopolymer concrete. Superplasticizer with polycarboxylate copolymers was used in this research. It relies on dispersion mechanism to increase workability. The purpose of this research was to look at the effect of superplasticizer on the workability of geopolymer concrete with slump test and setting time as the parameter. The mix design for this research was geopolymer concrete with sodium hydroxide solution of 2M, 4M, 6M, 8M, 12M, and 16M with the addition of 2.5% superplasticizer according to SNI 03 – 2834 – 2000. The Slump test procedure was refered to SNI 1972 – 2008. The results showed that the addition of 2.5 % superplasticizer could increase the value of slump. The biggest increase in slump occured in the mix design with 8M NaOH solution, from 8 cm to 22 cm. The vicat needle test showed the addition of 2.5% superplasticizer could slow down the setting time of geopolymer concrete, from 47 minutes to 63 minutes in 16M mix design. The compressive strength test concluded that superplasticizer could reduce the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete. The smallest decrease occured in the mix design with 8M NaOH solution, which was 4.11% and the biggest decrease occured in the mix design with 2M NaOH solution, which was 17.65%. However, steam curing could increase the compresive strength of geopolymer concrete by more than 55.6%.

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