Isolasi bakteri dari usus cacing lumbricus rubellus sebagai agen fibrinolitik = Bacteria isolation from earthworm lumbricus rubellus's intestine as a fibrinolytic agent

Siahaan, Nazaretha Angel Laurenz (2020) Isolasi bakteri dari usus cacing lumbricus rubellus sebagai agen fibrinolitik = Bacteria isolation from earthworm lumbricus rubellus's intestine as a fibrinolytic agent. Bachelor thesis, universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Cacing tanah diketahui telah dijadikan obat sejak jaman dulu sebagai obat tradisional orang Tionghoa dan India. Pemanfaatan cacing tanah ternyata masih sangat diminati dalam bidang pengobatan. Pada zaman sekarang, cacing tanah juga dikenal sebagai obat untuk terapi penyakit kardiovaskular seperti penyakit jantung dan stroke. Salah satu penyebab penyakit kardiovaskular adalah gumpalan darah yang tidak dapat diuraikan sehingga tejadilah penyumbatan. Salah satu jenis cacing yang umum dijadikan obat terapi penyakit jantung adalah cacing Lumbricus rubellus. Pada proses pembuatannya, cacing Lumbricus rubellus dikeringkan terlebih dahulu dan dijadikan tepung, kemudian dimasukan ke dalam kapsul dan dikonsumsi. Diduga, peran fibrinoltik yang ada pada cacing Lubricus rubellus bukan saja dikarenakan enzim yang terkandung pada cacing Lumbricus rubellus, melainkan ada peran mikroorganisme lainnya yang terdapat pada usus cacing Lumbricus rubellus. Pemanfaatan enzim fibrinolitik sebagai pengobatan penyakit kardiovaskular dinilai lebih efesien dan lebih murah dibandingkan pengobatan dengan mengginakan obat antikoagulan. Selain itu, obat antikoagulan bagi penderita penyakit kardiovaskular juga memperikan efek samping berupa alergi. Oleh karena itu, studi lebih lanjut dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi peranan mikroorganisme di dalam usus cacing. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan isolasi bakteri dari usus cacing, uji fibrinolitik, uji hemolitik, dan karakterisasi morfologi dan aktivitas biokimia. Didapatkan 14 isolat yang berhasil diekstraksi dari usus cacing Lumbricus rubellus, dua diantaranya memiliki aktivitas fibrinolitik yang signifikan dan konsisten. Kedua isolat tersebut dikarakterisasi dan diapatkan hasil dugaan bahwa kedua bakteri tersebut adalah salah satu dari bakteri B. subtilis, B. aureus, B. polymyxa, B. mycoides, B. thuringiensis, B. licheniforms, B. alvei, B. anthracis, dan atau B. Coagulans. Bakteri Bacillus sp. memang merupakan kelompok utama mikroba penghasil enzim firbinolitik. Selain itu, didapatkan juga isolat Bacillus sp. lainnya yang memiliki aktivitas fibrinolitik yang baik, hanya saya memiliki aktivitas α-hemolitik. Setelah dikarakterisasi, isolat ini diduga adalah bakteri B.azotoformans. / Earthworms are known to have been used as medicine since ancient times as a traditional Chinese and Indian medicine. Utilization of earthworms is still in great demand in the field of medicine. In today's world, earthworms are also known as a remedy for cardiovascular disease such as heart disease and stroke. One of the causes of cardiovascular disease is a blood clot that cannot be broken down, causing a blockage. One type of worm that is commonly used as a remedy for heart disease is Lumbricus rubellus. In the manufacturing process, Lumbricus rubellus worms are first dried and made into flour, then put into capsules and consumed. It is suspected that the fibrinolytic role that exists in the Lumbricus rubellus worm is not only due to the enzymes contained in the Lumbricus rubellus eathworm, but also the role of other microorganisms found in the intestines of the Lumbricus rubellus worm. Utilization of fibrinolysis enzymes to monitor cardiovascular disease is considered to be more efficient and less expensive than treatment with anticoagulant drugs. In addition, anticoagulant drugs for people with cardiovascular disease also have side effects in the form of allergies. Therefore, further studies were conducted to evaluate the role of microorganisms in the intestines of worms. In this study, the isolation of bacteria from the intestines of worms was carried out, fibrinolytic tests, hemolytic tests, and characterization of morphology and biochemical activity. There were 14 isolates successfully extracted from the intestines of Lumbricus rubellus worms, two of which had significant and consistent fibrinolytic activity. The two isolates were characterized and the results showed that the two bacteria were one of the bacteria B. subtilis, B. aureus, B. polymyxa, B. mycoides, B. thuringiensis, B. licheniforms, B. alvei, B. anthracis, and or B. Coagulans. Bacteria Bacillus sp. indeed is the main group of microbes that produce firbinolytic enzymes. In addition, the isolates of Bacillus sp. other that has good fibrinolytic activity, only I have α-hemolytic activity. After being characterized, these isolates were thought to be B.azotoformans bacteria.

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