Uji aktivitas isolat Saccharomycopsis sp. dari tapai singkong untuk dekolorisasi pewarna tekstil komersial = Isolate activity test of Saccharomycopsis sp. from fermented cassava for decolorization of commercial textile dye

Utomo, Dayinta Yaswidi (2020) Uji aktivitas isolat Saccharomycopsis sp. dari tapai singkong untuk dekolorisasi pewarna tekstil komersial = Isolate activity test of Saccharomycopsis sp. from fermented cassava for decolorization of commercial textile dye. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Industri tekstil adalah industri dengan perkembangan teknologi yang kompleks dan memiliki minat pasar yang selalu berkembang seiring zaman. Perkembangan industri tekstil tidak lepas dengan dihasilkannya limbah pewarna tekstil yang dikeluarkan, terutama pewarna tekstil sintetis. Keberadaan limbah ini dapat mengakibatkan efek samping pada lingkungan, seperti terganggunya ekosistem perairan dan gangguan kesehatan pada manusia dan binatang seperti gangguan proses reproduksi, alergi, hingga kecacatan yang dapat berakibat pada kematian. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan metode penelitian untuk dekolorisasi limbah pewarna tekstil secara ramah lingkungan dan menyeluruh, terutama dengan memanfaatkan spesies yang mudah didapat, seperti sel ragi yang berasal dari makanan fermentasi. Penelitian ini menguji aktivitas dua isolat sel ragi Saccharomycopsis sp. yang diisolasi dari tapai singkong untuk dekolorisasi pewarna tekstil. Dua isolat Saccharomycopsis sp. bernama BA dan GD diujikan dalam rentang lima konsentrasi, yaitu 100 ppm, 500 ppm, 1.000 ppm, 2.000 ppm, dan 4.000 ppm pada sampel pewarna tekstil komersial hitam, merah tua, dan oranye cap Nilon untuk mengetahui persentase dan jangka waktu aktivitas dekolorisasi yang dibutuhkan. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisa mekanisme dekolorisasi dengan menguji aktivitas enzim peroksidase dan selanjutnya metode bioakumulasi disertai biomassa inaktif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sampel Saccharomycopsis sp. BA rata-rata dapat mendegradasi pewarna hingga 98,3 %, dan isolat GD mencapai 92,3 %, dengan memanfaatkan mekanisme biosorpsi dan bioakumulasi. / Textile industry is an industry with everchanging and complex technology, yet has a wide market interest along the year. Its development is tightly correlated with the output of the textile wastewater, especially synthetic textile colorant. The impact of this wastewater is very concerning, for example the disturbance of aquatic environment, health effects to humans and animals such as reproduction, allergic reaction, and disability that leads to mortality. In that case, there is an urgent need of research method to decolorize the textile wastewater in a thoroughly and environmentally friendly way, especially benefitting from easy-to-obtain organisms, such as yeasts gained from fermented food. This research is focusing on examining two Saccharomycopsis sp. yeasts isolated from fermented cassava to decolorize textile colorant. The two isolates, named BA and GD, are examined in five variant concentrations: 100 ppm, 500 ppm, 1.000 ppm, 2.000 ppm, and 4.000 ppm in selective commercial textile dyes branded Nilon in black, dark red, and orange to analyze the percentage and time range of decolorization activity. The research proceeds to analyze the mechanism of the decolorization by having peroxidase enzyme assay, bioaccumulation and inactive biomass method. Results shows that Saccharomycopsis sp. isolate BA can degrade the colorants until 98,3 % and isolate GD reaching 92,3 % by biosorption and bioaccumulation.

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