Kebijakan diplomasi dan pertahanan republik Indonesia dalam menjaga kedaulatan di wilayah perairan kepulauan Natuna pada periode pertama pemerintahan presiden Joko Widodo (2014-2019)

Valentino, Joshua (2020) Kebijakan diplomasi dan pertahanan republik Indonesia dalam menjaga kedaulatan di wilayah perairan kepulauan Natuna pada periode pertama pemerintahan presiden Joko Widodo (2014-2019). Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Natuna adalah Kepulauan yang terletak di wilayah utara Indonesia yang memiliki Sumber Daya Alam (SDA) melimpah seperti migas serta perikanan, dan menjadi penentu batas laut wilayah ZEE Indonesia dengan negara-negara disekitarnya. Letaknya yang strategis sebagai jalur perdagangan dunia memicu kejadian kriminalitas transnasional seperti human trafficking, pembajakan di laut, illegal fishing, serta konflik klaim wilayah. Salah satu negara yang mengklaim di wilayah Natuna adalah Tiongkok hingga memicu ketegangan antar kedua negara. Teori yang digunakan pada penelitan ini adalah teori realisme, beserta dengan beberapa konsep seperti geopolitik dan geostrategi, kepentingan nasional, dan kedaulatan. Penelitian membahas sekaligus juga menjawab pertanyaan penelitian mengenai pendekatan diplomasi dan militer Indonesia terkait dengan ketegangan di Natuna. Kemudian, dibahas pula pada penelitian ini terkait dengan respon Tiongkok atas pendekatan militer dan diplomasi Indonesia tersebut. Dari pendeketan diplomasi, Indonesia memberikan nota protes dan mengubah nama Laut Tiongkok Selatan menjadi Laut Natuna Utara. Sedangkan untuk pendekatan militer Indonesia membentuk Badan Keamanan Laut (BAKAMLA) serta peningkatan kekuatan melalui Minimum Essential Force (MEF). Hal ini dilakukan Indonesia untuk mempertahankan kedaulatannya. Indonesia dan Tiongkok masih terus bernegosiasi hingga saat ini terkait dengan ketegangan di Natuna melalui pendekatan diplomatik dan militer yang menyebabkan Tiongkok tidak terima dengan pendekatan yang dilakukan oleh Indonesia tersebut. Indonesia berpegang pada Hukum Laut Internasional yakni United Nations Convention on the Law of The Sea (UNCLOS) 1982 sehingga menjadikan perairan Natuna adalah bagian resmi dari Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI). Natuna is an archipelago located in the northern region of Indonesia which has abundant natural resources (natural resources) such as oil and gas and fisheries, and is a determinant of the sea boundary of Indonesia's EEZ region with the countries around it. Its strategic location as a world trade channel triggers incidents of transnational crime such as human trafficking, piracy at sea, illegal fishing, and conflicting territorial claims. One country that claims in the Natuna region is China, which has triggered tensions between the two countries. The theory used in this research is the theory of realism, along with several concepts such as geopolitics and geostrategy, national interests, and sovereignty. The research addresses and at the same time answers research questions regarding Indonesia's diplomatic and military approaches related to tensions in Natuna. Then, also discussed in this study related to China's response to the military approach and Indonesian diplomacy. From the diplomatic approach, Indonesia issued a memorandum of protest and changed the name of the South China Sea to the North Natuna Sea. As for the Indonesian military approach, it formed the Maritime Security Agency (BAKAMLA) and increased strength through the Minimum Essential Force (MEF). This is done by Indonesia to maintain its sovereignty. Indonesia and China continue to negotiate up to now related to tensions in Natuna through diplomatic and military approaches that have caused China not to accept the approach taken by Indonesia. Indonesia adheres to the International Law of the Sea, namely the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982, making Natuna waters an official part of Indonesia.

Item Type: Thesis (Bachelor)
Creators:
CreatorsNIMEmail
Valentino, JoshuaNIM00000021974valjosh159@gmail.com
Contributors:
ContributionContributorsNIDN/NIDKEmail
Thesis advisorDjakababa, YosefNIDN0324117301yosefduph@gmail.com
Thesis advisorSinaga, Adri ArlanNIDN0317068801adri_sinaga@yahoo.com
Uncontrolled Keywords: Natuna; ZEE; diplomasi; keamanan
Subjects: J Political Science > JZ International relations
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Social and Political Science > International Relations
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Social and Political Science > International Relations
Depositing User: Users 12736 not found.
Date Deposited: 23 Sep 2020 03:04
Last Modified: 23 Sep 2020 03:04
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/11083

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