Law No. 5/1999 concerning the prohibition of monopolistic practices and unfair business competition has been established on 5 March 1999 and was effective on 5 September 2000. Through the establishment of Law No. 5/1999 it is hoped that fair competition will be created, and an efficient market economy will arise. In this condition, consumers may freely choose goods and services that have competitive practices and optimal quality according to their buying power, and have the freedom to plan the utilization of goods and services in the future. In order to reach this situation, business actors must be able to compete in a free and fair manner. The iiαplementation of Law No. 5/ 1999 is entrusted to and implemented by Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU/ Supervisory Comiαission for Business Competition) , that has already been established through Presidential Decree No. 75/ 1999 regarding Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha. Based on Presidential Decree No. 162/M/2000 and after endorsement by the Indonesian Parliament (DPR RI), eleven KPPU members have been appointed for the period of 2000 - 2005. On 30 May 2002, KPPU issued its Decision No. 03/KPPU-1/2002 concerning Tender on the Sale of Shares of PT Indomobil Sukses Internasional. KPPU decided that there was a conspiracy in this transaction, so it imposed criminal fines to eight business actors and their supporting related parties. All of them did not accept this Decision and submitted objection to their respective District Court. All of the District Courts accepted their objection and cancelled the KPPU's Decision. KPPU then appealed to the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia. Law No. 5/ 1999 is a new legal instrument, therefore it needs to be understood not only by the members and staff of KPPU, but also by all layers of society, especially the business actors and the legal apparatus involved. The Supreme Court' s Decision on this case is being expected to be issued soon so that it can be used as a jurisprudence for similar cases in the future