Relasi Republik Turki dan Republik Rakyat Tiongkok (RRT) di tengah isu diskriminasi umat Muslim Uighur di Xinjiang,RRT = Relations between the Republic of Turkey and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the middle of the discrimination of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang, PRC

Supriyanto, Nadya Sistha (2021) Relasi Republik Turki dan Republik Rakyat Tiongkok (RRT) di tengah isu diskriminasi umat Muslim Uighur di Xinjiang,RRT = Relations between the Republic of Turkey and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the middle of the discrimination of the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang, PRC. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Diskriminasi ialah suatu isu internasional terkait Hak Asasi Manusia yang terjadi pada umat Muslim Uighur di Xinjiang, RRT yang dikabarkan dilakukan pemerintah RRT di berbagai dimensi, salah satunya agama. Mengetahui hal itu, dunia internasional memberi tanggapan yang berbeda. Namun, tanggapan paling menarik yang akan penulis bahas dan analisis dalam penelitian ini ialah Republik Turki yang memiliki persamaan etnis, bahasa, terutama agama dengan Muslim Uighur. Republik Turki memberi tanggapan keras kepada RRT sebagai salah satu negara mitra utama di bidang perekonomian yang dimulai pada 2009 setelah kerusuhan di Ürümqi, Xinjiang, yang diikuti dengan berbagai tindakan atau kebijakan luar negeri. Maka, dalam penelitian ini penulis akan menjawab dua rumusan masalah, pertama yaitu bagaimana sikap pemerintah Republik Turki dan pemerintah Republik Rakyat Tiongkok (RRT) ketika isu diskriminasi umat Muslim Uighur di Xinjiang, RRT muncul ke permukaan. Kedua, apakah isu diskriminasi umat Muslim Uighur di Xinjiang, RRT mempengaruhi secara signifikan relasi bilateral kedua negara. Dengan menggunakan teori konstruktivisme, penulis menemukan hasil penelitian bahwa sikap keras pemeritah Republik Turki terhadap isu Muslim Uighur di dorong keinginan untuk memproyeksikan identitas Republik Turki kepada dunia sebagai negara pemimpin umat Muslim di dunia, meskipun sikap itu berubah pada 2019. Meskipun terdapat kecaman dari Republik Turki, hal itu tidak mempengaruhi secara signifikan relasi bilateral kedua negara. Kedua pihak memilih untuk membina hubungan bilateral yang baik. Sebab, selama 2009-2019 terdapat interaksi dari kedua negara yang terkandung berbagai ide di beberapa dimensi kerja sama, dalam penelitian ini penulis fokuskan pada dimensi ekonomi yang dianggap krusial bagi kedua negara, diplomatik serta pendidikan. / Discrimination is an international issue related to human rights that occurs toward the Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang, PRC, were reported occurred in various dimension, one of them is religion. Aware toward this issue, the international world gave a different response. However, the most interesting response that I will discuss and analyze in this study is the response of the Republic of Turkey which has similarity in ethnicity, language, especially religion with Uighur Muslims. The Republic of Turkey gave a strong response toward the PRC as one of the main partner countries in economy dimension, which began in 2009 after riots in Ürümqi, Xinjiang, and followed by various actions or foreign policies. So, in this study I will answer two research questions, the first one is how the government of the Republic of Turkey and the government of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) response when the issue of discrimination of Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang, PRC comes to the surface. Second, whether the issue of discrimination of Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang, PRC gives a significant affect toward the bilateral relations between the two countries. Using constructivism theory, the findings of my research shows, the strong response of the government of the Republic of Turkey toward the issue of Uighur Muslims was triggered by its desire to project the identity of the Republic of Turkey to the world as the leader state of the Muslims in the world, although the response shift to a subtle tone in 2019. Despite the strong response from the Republic of Turkey, this issue did not significantly affect the bilateral relations between the two countries. Both sides choose to build a good bilateral relation. Because, during 2019-2019, there’s interaction between the two countries that contained various ideas in several dimension of cooperation, in this study I focused on the economic dimension as a dimension that is considered crucial for both countries, diplomatic, and education.

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