The Confucius Institute as the Instrument of Soft Power for the People's Republic of China

Thung, Jacqueline Tandela Chien (2021) The Confucius Institute as the Instrument of Soft Power for the People's Republic of China. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

In the first two decades of the 21st century, China as an emerging country has steadfastly cultivated its domestic growth and development, whilst carefully knitting its role in international affairs. Xi Jinping, as the current paramount leader of China, has shown a stark difference in handling China’s foreign policy vis-à-vis to Deng Xiaoping’s lowkey foreign policy tao guang yang hui. Despite China’s rapid growth in the economy, political, and military aspects, to pursue its national interest in the international system, China needs to elevate its soft power. Confucius Institute is a state-funded, and non-profit educational institute created by the Chinese Ministry of Education in 2004. This institution focuses on disseminating the Chinese language and culture overseas based on the Chinese government’s vision. Additionally, in strengthening the One China Policy and suppressing the spread of Taiwan Academy’s influence. Using the Neo-realist theory, this thesis aims to analyze China’s objective in directing its foreign policy strategy through soft power by using the Confucius Institute as its instrument. Based on evaluations, Confucius Institute is regarded as not attractive to the public, lacks credibility due to its controversies, and is depicted as problematic in preserving the Chinese government’s legitimacy abroad. The latter referred to the cases of interference towards the host universities/institutions’ academic freedom and the disparity of interpretation of the One China Policy with the Chinese government. This thesis also shows the functionality of Confucius Institute as a means to an end, starts from contributing the reinforcement of China’s foreign policy and diplomatic relations with the partnered universities abroad, internationalizing Chinese universities as per Chinese national interests, and facilitating foreigners to study the Chinese language as per their interest in hidden economic benefits. Alas, Confucius Institute still received backlashes due to its disharmonious projection of a benign and inclusive image, with the realities of the ever economically inclined China./Dalam dua dekade pertama pada abad ke-21, Tiongkok sebagai negara berkembang telah dengan teguh memupuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan domestiknya, sembari berhati-hati merajut perannya dalam urusan internasional. Xi Jinping, sebagai pemimpin utama Tiongkok saat ini, telah menunjukkan perbedaan yang mencolok dalam menangani kebijakan luar negeri dibandingkan dengan kebijakan luar negeri Deng Xiaoping, tao guang yang hui. Meskipun Tiongkok bertumbuh pesat dalam aspek ekonomi, politik, dan militer, untuk mengejar kepentingan nasionalnya dalam sistem internasional, Tiongkok perlu meningkatkan kekuatan lunaknya. Confucius Institute adalah lembaga pendidikan nirlaba, dan didanai negara yang dibuat oleh Kementrian Pendidikan Tiongkok pada tahun 2004. Lembaga ini berfokus pada penyebaran bahasa dan budaya Tiongkok ke luar negeri yang berdasarkan visi dari pemerintah Tiongkok, berperan dalam memperkuat Kebijakan Satu Tiongkok, dan menekan penyebaran pengaruh Taiwan Academy. Dengan menggunakan teori Neo-Realis, skripsi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tujuan Tiongkok dalam mengarahkan strategi politik luar negerinya melalui kekuatan lunak dengan menggunakan Confucius Institute sebagai instrumennya. Berdasarkan evaluasi, Confucius Institute dinilai tidak menarik bagi publik, kurang kredibilitas, dan dianggap bermasalah dalam menjaga legitimasi pemerintah China di luar negeri. Poin terakahir merujuk pada kasus-kasus interferensi terhadap kebebasan akademik universitas/institusi tuan rumah, dan perbedaan penafsiran pada Kebijakan Satu Tiongkok. Skripsi ini juga menunjukkan fungsi Confucius Institute sebagai sarana untuk menuju tujuan, mulai dari memberikan kontribusi penguatan dalam kebijakan luar negeri dan hubungan diplomatik dengan universitas mitra di luar negeri, menginternasionalisasikan universitas Tiongkok, dan mengfasilitasi orang asing untuk mempelajari Bahasa Tiongkok, untuk memenuhi kepentingan dan manfaat tersembunyi yang didapatkan mereka dalam bidang ekonomi. Sayangnya, Confucius Institute masih menerima serangan balik yang tidak mengenakkan karena proyeksi yang tidak sejalan antara memberikan citra yang ramah dan inklusif, dengan realitas Tiongkok yang selalu cenderung mementingan kepentingan ekonominya.

Item Type: Thesis (Bachelor)
Creators:
CreatorsNIMEmail
Thung, Jacqueline Tandela ChienNIM01043170071jacq.tandela@gmail.com
Contributors:
ContributionContributorsNIDN/NIDKEmail
Thesis advisorDjakababa, Yosef D. MarcisNIDN0324117301UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords: Confucius Institute; Chinese language and culture; neo-realism; soft power; People’s Republic of China; one china policy; Taiwan
Subjects: J Political Science > JZ International relations
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Social and Political Science > International Relations
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Social and Political Science > International Relations
Depositing User: Users 6512 not found.
Date Deposited: 19 Jan 2021 08:17
Last Modified: 19 Jan 2021 08:17
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/13990

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