Study of size-reduced rambutan peel and its encapsulated ethyl-acetic extract placed in perforated pouches, and applied to sugar palm neera to delay fermentation for alcohol production

Virly, Virly (2016) Study of size-reduced rambutan peel and its encapsulated ethyl-acetic extract placed in perforated pouches, and applied to sugar palm neera to delay fermentation for alcohol production. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) peel and its ethyl-acetic extract have been reported to contain bioactive compounds that possess fermentation inhibitor activity. This research was aimed to investigate rambutan peel and its ethyl-acetic extract encapsulated with tapioca starch, and both packaged in filter-nylon pouch to delay alcoholic fermentation of sugar palm neera (Arenga pinnata Merr.) for alcohol production. The rambutan peel used in this research was in the form of size-reduced peel with concentrations of 45, 50, and 55%, and its encapsulated ethyl-acetic extract with concentrations of 1, 2, and 3%. Both were pouched and applied to sugar palm neera and let ferment for seven days. The physicochemical characteristics (pH, total titratable acidity, total dissolved solid, total reducing sugar, total sugar, and alcohol content) and microbial counts were determined. The results showed that all treatments applied exhibited either partial inhibition (indicated by lower alcohol content than control) or complete inhibition (indicated by no alcohol presence up to certain days) of alcoholic fermentation. The alcohol content result was used to determine the pouch withdrawal time with the aim to resume the inhibited alcoholic fermentation; size-reduced rambutan peel on day 3; 1, 2, and 3% its encapsulated ethyl-acetic extract on day 2, 3, and 4, respectively. After the pouch immersed into the treated neera was withdrawn, the neera was continued to ferment up to 14 days. The physicochemical characteristics (pH, total dissolved solid, and alcohol content) were determined. The results showed that the alcoholic fermentation in treated sugar palm neera was resumed after withdrawal and alcohol content generated was higher than control. Several treatments which produced the highest alcohol content were chosen to be distilled into bioethanol. Produced alcohol from sugar palm neera treated with 50% size-reduced rambutan peel exhibited the highest alcohol yield (40.57±0.48%), which was significantly higher compared to control distilled on day 3 (19.35±1.71%).

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