Negotiations of Meaning in Non-Native Speaker to Non-Native Speaker Interactions : A Case Study of the Fourth Graders at School X

Sutanto, Theodora (2016) Negotiations of Meaning in Non-Native Speaker to Non-Native Speaker Interactions : A Case Study of the Fourth Graders at School X. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Pada 35 tahun belakangan, semakin banyak minat akan akuisisi bahasa kedua terutama melalui pembelajaran secara interaksi. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari makin bertambahnya jumlah penelitian yang dilakukan di dalam ruang kelas di mana biasa terjadi interaksi dinamis dan komunikasi secara verbal dapat dilihat secara nyata. Dengan minat yang sama, tesis ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari negosiasi arti atau yang dikenal sebagai Negotiation of Meaning (NfM) di dalam interaksi verbalnya antara sesama anak sebaya yang tidak berbahasa ibu Inggris. Penelitian juga akan membahas bagaimana ketiga langkah negosiasi arti membantu memperbaiki kelancaran komunikasi. Metode design penelitian campuran digunakan untuk mencari tahu bagaimana keduapuluh empat partisipan menggunakan negosiasi arti untuk menuntaskan tugas yang diberikan. Interaksi verbal ini dipicu dengan menggunakan sebuah tugas yang memiliki kesenjangan informasi dua arah yang bertempat di dalam sebuah ruang kelas. Hasil penelitian melalui interaksi yang telah dikodekan dari data kuantitatif menunjukkan bahwa dari ketiga langkah negosiasi, langkah pemeriksaan konfirmasi adalah langkah negosiasi yang paling sering digunakan. Sementara itu, data kualitatif telah menunjukkan bahwa permintaan klarifikasi dapat terjadi dalam beberapa bentuk dan merupakan langkah negosiasi arti yang paling kompleks. / In the last 35 years, there have been increasing numbers of interest in the Second Language Acquisition (SLA) through the roles of interactions. More and more research has been done in classrooms where dynamic interactions occur and verbal communication is very much visible. With that interest in mind, this thesis was aimed to study negotiations of meaning in the verbal interactions among peers of NonNative Speakers (NNS). Furthermore, the study also tried to answer how the three NFM moves help repair communication breakdowns. The mixed methods research design was used to find out how the twenty four participants used Negotiations of Meaning (NFM) during the task given. The interactions were stimulated using a two-way information gap task in a classroom setting. The analyses of the coded interactions from the quantitative data have shown that out of the three NFM moves, confirmation check was the most-widely used move. Meanwhile, the qualitative data have indicated clarification request came in different forms and the most complex form out of the three negotiation moves.

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