Perencanaan strategis sekolah X 2005-2010

Samosir, Ineta T. (2005) Perencanaan strategis sekolah X 2005-2010. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

This descriptive research tries to give a suggestion to "X" School a strategic Planning. Hopefully it can help the top management to make any strategic decisions in order to establish the organization vision and mission. The research field involves analysis needed for a strategic planning to follow "A Ten Strategic Planning Process" Bryson. The external environmental analysis is done with PEST, and industrial analysis use Five Forces Competition, Porter concludes that there are 7 opportunities for the "X" School as follow (ranked by the best opportunities): (1) small numbers of good quality school, (2) a better economic growth, (3) growing numbers of population, (4) low IPM score, (5) supporting government regulation, (6) stable political condition tendency, (7) no product substitution on school services. However, there are some threats such as (ranked by the worst threat) : (1) limited market volume, (2) obstacle in getting through the small industry, (3) globalization, (4) a high competitive intensity, (5) technology trends. Internal environment analysis found that "X" School gave strength point in : (1) program, (2) image, (3) Human Resource quality, (4) school facilities, (5) accredited value, (6) networking, (7) 3C's (stands for Communication, Clean, Comfort), (8) finance, (9) its vision and mission, otherwise the weaknesses are (1) the location is not too strategic, (2) tuition fee, (3) teachers teaching experience, (4) unformed school reputation, and (5) discipline. The SWOT Analysis shows that "X" School position is in the first quadrant, which shows that strength and opportunity of the school is on the favorable place. The result of strategy preference using Analytical Hierarchy Process by considering the benefit, opportunity, cost and risk with the help of Expert Choice software shows that the strategy which benefits the strength to overcome the threats (ST strategy) is better to be chosen. Furthermore, to achieve the four goals of "X" school - which are : (1) to become the excellent and favorite school for the people around Kota Bekasi, Kabupaten Bekasi, and Kabupaten Karawang, (2) excellent teaching and innovative program, (3) to become a place of the student, teacher and staffs quality development, (4) gain an optimal appropriate revenue for the employee - this strategic formula is formed comprehensively based on the generic strategy of stable growth. / Penelitian deskriptif ini mencoba membuat usulan perencanaan strategis Sekolah X sehingga dapat membantu manajemen puncak dalam pengambilan keputusan strategis dalam mengemban visi dan misi organisasi. Ruang lingkup penelitian mencakup analisis-analisis yang diperlukan untuk suatu perencanaan strategis mengikuti "A Ten Step Strategic Planning Process" dari Bryson. Analisis lingkungan eksternal dilakukan dengan analisis PEST, dan analisis Industri mempergunakan Five Forces Competition Porter menyimpulkan adanya 7 peluang bagi Sekolah X dengan peringkat sebagai berikut, yaitu (1) jumlah Sekolah bermutu yang masih sedikit, (2) pertumbuhan ekonomi yang membaik, (3) jumlah penduduk yang terus bertambah, (4) nilai IPM yang masih rendah (5) kebijakan pemerintah yang mendukung, (6) kondisi politik yang cenderung stabil, dan (7) belum adanya produk substitusi atas jasa sekolah. Adapun ancaman yang dideteksi berdasarkan peringkatnya adalah (1) volume pasar yang terbatas, (2) hambatan masuk ke industri yang kecil (3) pengaruh globalisasi (4) intensitas persaingan yang cenderung tinggi, (5) perkembangan teknologi. Pada Analisis lingkungan internal berdasarkan peringkatnya ditemukan bahwa Sekolah X mempunyai kekuatan dalam hal (1) program yang inovatif, (2) image, (3) kualitas SDM, (4) fasilitas sekolah (5) mutu/ nilai akreditasi, (6) networking (7) K3, (8) kemampuan keuangan, (9) kejelasan visi-misi, sedangkan kelemahannya berdasarkan peringkatnya adalah terletak pada (1) lokasi yang kurang strategis, (2) biaya Sekolah, (3) pengalaman guru, (4) reputasi yang belum terbentuk sebagai sekolah baru, dan (5) disiplin. Analisis SWOT menunjukkan bahwa posisi Sekolah X berada pada kuadran 1 yang berarti bahwa kekuatan yang dimiliki dan peluang yang ada berada pada posisi menguntungkan (favorable). Hasil pemilihan strategi menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Process dengan mempertimbangkan manfaat, peluang, biaya dan resiko dengan bantuan software Expert Choice menunjukkan bahwa strategi yang memanfaatkan kekuatan dalam menghadapi ancaman (strategi ST) lebih tepat untuk dipilih. Selanjutnya, untuk mencapai 4 (empat) sasaran Sekolah X yaitu (1) menjadi sekolah unggulan dan pilihan pertama bagi masyarakat di wilayah Kabupaten Bekasi, kota Bekasi dan Kabupaten Karawang, (2) excellent teaching dan program yang inovatif, (3) menjadi tempat tumbuh dan berkembangnya kualitas murid, guru, staf dan manajemen, dan (4) menghasilkan keuntungan optimal bagi seluruh stakeholders dan kesejahteraan yang wajar bagi karyawan, maka disusunlah formulasi strategi yang komprehensif yang didasarkan atas strategi generik stable growth.

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