Hak waris anak luar kawin menurut undang-undang hukum perdata (studi kasus putusan mahkamah agung nomor 784k/pdt/2014 jo. putusan pengadilan tinggi Medan nomr 84/pdt/2012/pt.mdn jo. putusan pengadilan negeri nomor 533/pdt.g/2010/pn.mdn)

Virginia, Cindy (2018) Hak waris anak luar kawin menurut undang-undang hukum perdata (studi kasus putusan mahkamah agung nomor 784k/pdt/2014 jo. putusan pengadilan tinggi Medan nomr 84/pdt/2012/pt.mdn jo. putusan pengadilan negeri nomor 533/pdt.g/2010/pn.mdn). Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Inheritance Law in Indonesia is one of the most important and crucial laws. It is relatively a part of the Civil Laws, also the smallest part of National Family Law. Inheritance Law is strongly related to human’s life as human beings will always experience a legal event which is called death. One of the potential issues from a death event is that there could be a problem on how would the rights and responsibilities of the decedent be taken care of especially when an illegitimate child is the destined inheritor. In Indonesia, Population Division can be done based on Chapter 163 IS where Dutch East Indies are divided into 3 groups. Those are Europe Group which is based on Chapter 163 Verse 2 will consist of all Dutch, people who originally came from Europe, and Japanese; Foreign East Group which is based on Chapter 163 Verse 4 is consisted of people who are not considered as Bumi Putera or European which are Indian, Pakistani, Chinese, Arabian, etc.; Lastly, Bumi Putera Faction (Native Indonesian), based on Chapter 163 Verse 3 is for native Indonesian who has inhabited Indonesia from generation to generation and be part of the nation. Those are natives who are not leaving and be part of another group, or those who were with the other groups but have merged to Bumi Putera. In Indonesia, Children are considered to be legal when they come from a religious marriage. Indonesia acknowledges 5 religions: Christian, Buddhism, Islam, Hindu, and Catholic. If it happen to be a Kong Hu Cu marriage, and a child was born from that marriage, he/ she will be considered illegitimate for this time being as Indonesia has not acknowledged Kong Hu Cu marriage as a legal marriage yet. As he/ she is considered to be illegitimate, he/ she will not have any rights of inheritance. On the other hand, children who were born out of wedlock would still have their rights of inheritance, though the inheritance would be smaller compare to legitimate children. / Hukum waris di Indonesia merupakan salah satu peraturan hukum yang sangat penting dan diperlukan. Hukum waris merupakan salah satu dari hukum perdata secara keseluruhan dan merupakan bagian terkecil dari hukum kekeluargaan. Hukum waris sangat erat kaitannya dengan ruang lingkup kehidupan manusia, sebab setiap manusia pasti akan mengalami peristiwa hukum yang dinamakan kematian. Akibat hukum yang selanjutnya timbul, dengan terjadinya peristiwa hukum kematian seseorang, diantaranya ialah masalah bagaimana pengurusan dan kelanjutan hak-hak dan kewajiban-kewajiban seseorang yang meninggal dunia tersebut. Terlebih jika melibatkan seorang ahli waris dengan status anak luar kawin. Di Indonesia berlaku penggolongan penduduk berdasarkan pasal 163 IS penduduk hindia Belanda dibagi menajdi 3 golongan yaitu Golongan Eropa menurut pasal 163 ayat 2 yang terdiri dari Semua warga Negara Belanda, semua yang berasal dari Eropa dan semua warna Negara Jepang; Golongan timur asing berdasarkan pasal 163 ayat 4 adalah mereka yang tidak termasuk ke dalam golongan bumi putera dan golongan Eropa yaitu orangorang India, Pakistan, Arab, Cina dan sebagainya; Golongan bumi putera (Indonesia asli) berdasarkan pasal 163 ayat 3 adalah orang-orang asli Indonesia yang turun temurun menjadi penghuni dan bangsa Indonesia termasuk kedalam golongan bumi putera yaitu, mereka yang termasuk pribumi yang tidak pindah ke golongan lain dan mereka yang tadinya termasuk ke dalam golongan lain, tapi telah meleburkan diri ke dalam golongan bumi putera. Kedudukan anak dalam suatu perkawinan yang diakui di Indonesia hanya dari 5 agama yaitu, Kristen Protestan, Buddha, Islam, Hindu, dan Katolik. Bila terjadi perkawinan antara 2 orang yang beragama Kong Hu Cu dan dilahirkan anak-anak tersebut adalah tidak sah karena menurut menurut hukum yang berlaku saat itu , yaitu BW bagi mereka perkawinan yang sah adalah perkawinan yang dilaksanakan dan dicatat di kantor catatan sipil. Jadi, apabila seorang anak lahir pada waktu belum diberlakukannya atau disahkannya agama Kong Hu Cu dan anak tersebut tidak diakui sah maka anak tersebut tidak berhak mewaris, berbeda jika anak tersebut merupakan anak luar kawin maka anak tersebut tetap berhak mewaris dengan bagian waris yang lebih kecil dibandingkan anak sah.

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