Gambaran karakteristik pengobatan antihiperglikemik oral dan kadar hemoglobin terglikasi (HbA1c) pada pasien baru terdiagnosis diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Siloam Karawaci = Description of characteristics of oral antihyperglycemic treatment and glyced hemoglobin levels (HbA1c) in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Siloam Karawaci hospital

Hadilianti, Claudya (2021) Gambaran karakteristik pengobatan antihiperglikemik oral dan kadar hemoglobin terglikasi (HbA1c) pada pasien baru terdiagnosis diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Siloam Karawaci = Description of characteristics of oral antihyperglycemic treatment and glyced hemoglobin levels (HbA1c) in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Siloam Karawaci hospital. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Claudya Hadilianti (01071180073) GAMBARAN KARAKTERISTIK PENGOBATAN ANTIHIPERGLIKEMIK ORAL DAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN TERGLIKASI (HbA1c) PADA PASIEN BARU TERDIAGNOSIS DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI RUMAH SAKIT SILOAM KARAWACI Latar belakang: Diabetes adalah salah satu penyakit yang insidensinya terus meningkat dan akan menyebabkan kerusakan jangka panjang, kegagalan organ-organ tubuh lain seperti mata, ginjal, jantung, pembuluh darah dan saraf sehingga dapat menurunkan kualitas sumber daya manusia di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, pengobatan diabetes melitus tipe 2 menjadi hal penting dan juga memakan waktu yang lama agar mencapai HbA1c yang ditargetkan. Kesesuaian pemberian obat DM tipe 2 dan perubahan HbA1c hasil dari pemberian obat antihiperglikemi masih memiliki persentase yang berbeda-beda sehingga diperlukannya penelitian yang meneliti kesesuaian peresepan obat antihiperglikemia pada pasien yang baru terdiagnosis diabetes melitus tipe 2. Tujuan penelitian: Mengetahui karakteristik peresepan obat antihiperglikemia yang mencakup usia, jenis kelamin dan indeks massa tubuh, juga ketepatan jenis obat, gambaran perubahan HbA1c, kadar gula darah puasa, kadar gula darah sewaktu, profil lipid, dan lama waktu glukosa darah terkontrol setelah penggunaan antihiperglikemi pada RS Siloam Karawaci. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi deskriptif dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif dengan melihat rekam medis pasien yang menderita Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 yang diambil secara total sampling yang menggunakan 74 rekam medis periode Januari 2020-April 2021. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah studi potong lintang pada sampel poliklinik RS Siloam Karawaci menggunakan case report form (CRF) yang kemudian akan dianalisis secara univariat. Hasil: Pada penelitian ini, didapatkan ketepatan jenis obat antidiabetes sebesar 100%, dengan perubahan penurunan HbA1c sebesar 0,12% pada 3 bulan pertana, 0,03% pada 6 bulan pertama, 0,15% pada 9 bulan pertama, dan 0,48% pada 12 bulan pertama. Profil lipid pada penelitian ini, didapati HDL <40 mg/dL sebanyak 62,9%, LDL (100-189 mg/dL) sebanyak 53.1%, dan trigleserida ≥150 mg/dL sebanyak 49,1%. Jangka waktu yang diperlukan agar HbA1c terkendali adalah 12 bulan untuk 12 pasien dewasa (80%) mencapai target terapi dan sebanyak 50 pasien lansia (84,7%) mencapai target terapi dalam waktu 12 bulan. Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini memunjukan bahwa ketepatan jenis obat antidiabetes pada RS Siloam Karawaci sebesar 100% dan terjadi penurunan HbA1c dalam pengobatan. Profil lipid penelitian ini adalah kadar trigleserida yang tinggi, HDL yang rendah dan LDL yang normal atau sedikit meningkat. Lalu sebanyak 80% pasien dewasa mencapai target terapi dalam 12 bulan, dan sebanyak 84% pasien lansia mencapai target terapi dalam 12 bulan. Kata Kunci: Perubahan HbA1c, obat antihiperglikemia, diabetes melitus tipe 2, RS Siloam Karawaci. Referensi: 34 (2003-2020) / Claudya Hadilianti (01071180073) DESCRIPTION OF CHARACTERISTICS OF ORAL ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC TREATMENT AND GLYCED HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS (HbA1c) IN PATIENTS NEWLY DIAGNOSED WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN SILOAM KARAWACI HOSPITAL Background: Diabetes is a disease whose incidence continues to increase and will cause long-term damage, failure of other body organs such as eyes, kidneys, heart, blood vessels and nerves so that it can reduce the quality of human resources in Indonesia. Therefore, treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus is important and also takes a long time to reach the targeted HbA1c. The suitability of giving type 2 diabetes medication and changes in HbA1c resulting from administration of antihyperglycemic drugs still have different percentages so that research is needed to examine the suitability of prescribing antihyperglycemic drugs in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Aim of study: Knowing the characteristics of prescribing antihyperglycemic drugs including age, sex and body mass index, as well as the accuracy of the type of drug, a picture of HbA1c changes, fasting blood glucose levels, random blood glucose levels, lipid profile, and the length of time blood glucose was controlled after using antihyperglycemia at RS Siloam Karawaci Tangerang. Method: This study used a descriptive methodology with retrospective data collection by looking at the medical records of patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus which were taken by total sampling using 74 medical records for the period January 2020-April 2021. The approach used in this study was a cross sectional study of a polyclinic sample at RS Siloam Karawaci Tangerang using a case report form (CRF) which will then be analyzed univariately. Results: In this study, the accuracy of the type of antidiabetic drug prescribed was 100%, with a decrease in HbA1c of 0.12% in the first 3 months, 0.03% in the first 6 months, 0.15% in the first 9 months, and 0.48% in the first 12 months. The lipid profile in this study, found that HDL <40 mg/dL was 62.9%, LDL (100-189 mg/dL) was 53.1%, and triglycerides 150 mg/dL were 49.1%. The time required for HbA1c to be controlled was 12 months for 12 adult patients (80%) to reach the target of therapy, and 12 months for 50 elderly patients (84.7%) to reach the target of therapy within 12 months. Conclusion: This study showed that the accuracy of the types of antidiabetic drugs prescribed at Siloam Karawaci Hospital was 100% and there was a decrease in HbA1c in treatment. The lipid profiles of this study were high triglyceride levels, low HDL and normal or slightly elevated LDL. Then as many as 80% of adult patients reached the target of therapy within 12 months, and as many as 84% of elderly patients reached the target of therapy within 12 months. Keywords: Changes of HbA1c, antihyperglycemic drugs, type 2 diabetes mellitus, RS Siloam Karawaci. Reference: 34 (2003-2020)

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