Perancangan controllable speed centrifugal machine bertenaga surya = Design of solar powered controllable speed centrifugal machine

Yohanes, Exsel Predinal (2022) Perancangan controllable speed centrifugal machine bertenaga surya = Design of solar powered controllable speed centrifugal machine. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Pada bidang kesehatan mesin sentrifugasi sangatlah dibutuhkan. Akan tetapi sayangnya mesin sentrifugasi komersial yang dibutuhkan untuk proses diagnosis pada laboratorium rumah sakit sangatlah mahal dan sekaligus juga membebani kebutuhan listrik. Sehingga dalam penelitian ini akan dirancang mesin sentrifugasi dengan harga yang murah dan bertenaga surya agar alat lab ini tidak membebani rumah sakit di daerah terpencil. Mesin ini juga menggunakan Solar Charger Controller atau SCC agar aki dapat terlindungi dan berfungsi secara otomatis pada proses pengisian dari modul surya. Mesin ini menggunakan Arduino Uno sebagai mikrokontroler dan menggunakan keypad sebagai alat input user saat mengatur kecepatan dan waktu sentrifugasi. Mesin sentrifugasi ini akan digerakkan oleh motor DC dan driver motor L298N. Mesin ini menggunakan rotor bertipe fixed angle dengan 6 lubang testube yang penulis buat menggunakan 3D printing dengan bahan PLA. Mesin ini dilengkapi sistem kontrol kecepatan yang akan membuat kecepatan motor optimal di angka set point. Mesin ini akan diuji perbandingan kecepatan yang di-input oleh user sebagai set point dengan tachometer IR Sensor yang sudah dikalibrasi menggunakan tachometer komersial pada 3 jumlah beban berbeda yaitu 2 beban, 4 beban, dan 6 beban. Beban yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah test tube berukuran 1,5ml yang di isi air sebanyak kapasitas dari test tube tersebut. Untuk mendapatkan data penulis melakukan pengujian mesin pada 3 nilai kecepatan yang sering kali dipakai pada laboratorium rumah sakit yaitu 3000 RPM, 4000 RPM, 5000 RPM. Pada pengujian ini sensor dilekatkan pada mounting motor untuk menghitung pantulan cahaya yang rotor lewati. Hasil dari pengujian yang telah penulis lakukan menunjukkan bahwa pembacaan tachometer IR Sensor dengan sistem kontrol kecepatan memiliki persentase error yang sangat rendah pada kecepatan 5000 RPM saat menggunakan 6 beban yaitu 0,00034% dengan settling time 4s dan yang tertinggi adalah pada kecepatan 3000 RPM saat menggunakan 2 beban yaitu 0,27% dengan settling time 20s. Dengan ini penulis berkesimpulan bahwa persentase error dan settling time akan semakin besar jika jumlah beban semakin sedikit pada kecepatan motor yang semakin rendah./In the health sector, centrifugation machines are needed. Unfortunately, the commercial centrifugation machines needed for the diagnostic process in hospital laboratories are very expensive and at the same time burden the electricity needs. So in this study, a centrifugation machine with a low price and solar powered was designed so that this centrifugation does not burden hospitals in remote area. This machine also uses a Solar Charger Controller or SCC so that the battery can be protected and function automatically during charging from a PV module. This machine uses Arduino Uno as a microcontroller and uses a keypad as a user input device when setting the speed and time of centrifugation. This centrifugation machine will be driven by a DC motor and L298N motor driver. This machine uses a fixed angle rotor with 6 test tube holes which the author made using PLA 3D printing. This machine is equipped with a speed control system that will make the motor speed optimal at the set point. This machine was tested for speed comparison which is inputted by the user as a set point with an IR Sensor tachometer that has been calibrated using a commercial tachometer at 3 different loads, namely 2 loads, 4 loads, and 6 loads. The load used in this study was a test tube measuring 1.5 ml fully filled with water. To get the data, the author conducted machine testing at 3-speed values that are often used in hospital laboratories, namely 3000 RPM, 4000 RPM, and 5000 RPM. In this test, the sensor was attached to the motor mount to calculate the reflected light passing through the rotor. The results of the tests that the author has done show that the IR Sensor tachometer reading with a speed control system has a very low error percentage at a speed of 5000 RPM using 6 loads, namely 0.00034% with a settling time of 4s and the highest is at a speed of 3000 RPM using 2 loads. ie 0.27% with a settling time of the 20s. With this, the author concludes that the percentage of error and settling time will be greater if the number of loads decreases at a lower motor speed.

Item Type: Thesis (Bachelor)
Creators:
CreatorsNIMEmail
Yohanes, Exsel PredinalNIM01032180001exselpredinal@gmail.com
Contributors:
ContributionContributorsNIDN/NIDKEmail
Thesis advisorUranus, Henri PutraNIDN0302126304henri.uranus@uph.edu
Uncontrolled Keywords: Sentrifugasi; Tachometer; DC motor; IR sensor; Persentase error; Settling time; Test tube; Arduino Uno; Fixed angle rotor
Subjects: T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Science and Technology > Electrical Engineering
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Science and Technology > Electrical Engineering
Depositing User: Users 9144 not found.
Date Deposited: 22 Feb 2022 02:56
Last Modified: 22 Feb 2022 02:56
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/46559

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