Tanggung jawab internasional Indonesia melalui keanggotaan Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC) = indonesia’s international responsibilities through Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC) membership

Stephen, Stephen (2019) Tanggung jawab internasional Indonesia melalui keanggotaan Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC) = indonesia’s international responsibilities through Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC) membership. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Technological advancements and world's population growth have caused environmental problems related to over-exploitation of tuna species. In the Indian Ocean region, this problem is handled collectively through IOTC. IOTC is a fisheries regime whose duty is to conserve and manage tuna in the Indian Ocean towards sustainable tuna fisheries. Indonesia as the predominant country that catches tuna species fish has international responsibilities for the conservation and management of tuna in Indian Ocean region. This qualitative study aims to identify the IOTC's efforts in implementation of tuna conservation and its management in Indian Ocean region. Also, it is done to describe the realization of Indonesia's international responsibilities through IOTC membership. This research method was carried out descriptively. The concepts used in this study are international regimes, civil society, and interest groups. The results of conducted research showed that IOTC has made efforts that oriented in controlling and coordinating state behavior in achieving its objectives. In addition, this research also showed that Indonesia had done concrete efforts to manifest its international responsibility in real-life applications. Moreover, the real applications of Indonesia's international responsibility as an IOTC has been carried out in harmony with the principle of sustainability of the fisheries regime through two significant efforts that consist of establishment of national tuna plan and fisheries regulation with sustainability principles./ Kemajuan teknologi dan pertumbuhan populasi masyarakat dunia telah menimbulkan masalah lingkungan yang berkaitan dengan eksploitasi berlebihan (overexploitation) terhadap spesies tuna. Pada wilayah Samudera Hindia penanganan masalah ini dilakukan secara kolektif melalui IOTC. IOTC merupakan sebuah rezim perikanan yang bertugas dalam melakukan konservasi dan pengelolaan tuna di Samudera Hindia menuju perikanan tuna berkelanjutan. Indonesia sebagai negara penangkap utama memiliki tanggung jawab internasional terhadap konservasi dan pengelolaan tuna wilayah ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi upaya IOTC dalam melaksanakan konservasi dan pengelolaan tuna pada wilayah ini serta mendeskripsikan realisasi tanggung jawab internasional Indonesia melalui keanggotaan IOTC. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode penelitian ini dilakukan secara deskriptif. Konsep yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini antra lain adalah rezim internasional, masyarakat sipil, dan kelompok kepentingan. Hasil dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukan bahwa IOTC telah melakukan upaya yang berorientasi dalam mengontrol dan mengkoordinasi prilaku negara dalam mencapai tujuannya. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga telah menunjukan bahwa Indonesia telah melaksanakan upaya kongkrit dalam merealisasikan tanggung jawab internasionalnya. Realisasi tanggung jawab internasional Indonesia sebagai IOTC telah dilakukan selaras dengan prinsip keberlanjutan rezim perikanan ini melalui dua upaya signifikan yaitu pembentukan rencana tuna nasional dan pembentukan regulasi perikanan yang berprinsip keberlanjutan.

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