Interdependensi kompleks pada kerja sama antara Indonesia dan Tiongkok selama penanggulangan pandemi COVID-19 di tahun 2020-2022

Utomo, Dayinta Yaswidi (2023) Interdependensi kompleks pada kerja sama antara Indonesia dan Tiongkok selama penanggulangan pandemi COVID-19 di tahun 2020-2022. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Pandemi COVID-19, hingga pertengahan tahun 2021, telah melaporkan 182.721.608 kasus positif dan 3,9 juta jumlah kematian secara global. Hal ini memengaruhi interaksi politik dan dinamika negara-negara dunia dengan menggalakkan kerja sama untuk mendapatkan vaksin, obat, dan keperluan medis lainnya. Tidak terkecuali Indonesia yang menggerakkan kerja sama kesehatan dengan Tiongkok. Terlepas dari sentimen negatif karena Tiongkok merupakan negara asal virus tersebut, sejauh ini kerja sama di antara kedua negara masih tetap terlaksana. Hal ini membuat adanya perumusan terkait interdependensi kompleks yang terjadi di bidang kerja sama tersebut, mengingat COVID-19 merupakan wabah global dan harus ditanggulangi dengan keterlibatan aktif baik aktor negara ataupun non-negara. Metode kualitatif digunakan sebagai pengiring metode studi kasus dalam penelitian ini. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan data primer yang bersumber dari observasi/keterlibatan langsung penulis dan wawancara dengan narasumber yang turut andil dalam kerja sama kesehatan Indonesia-Tiongkok sekaligus didukung oleh data-data sekunder dari pemberitaan nasional, internasional, studi kepustakaan, serta jurnal-jurnal akademis yang terkait. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa interdependensi kompleks pada hubungan Tiongkok dan Indonesia telah memenuhi kriteria multichannel melalui hubungan antar-negara dan interaksi transnasionalnya, ketiadaan hierarki isu militer dikarenakan pentingnya penanggulangan pandemi COVID-19 bersama, serta minimnya peran militer dikarenakan isu-isu ekonomi, pendidikan, riset dan pengembangan lebih mendominasi dalam penanggulangan pandemi tersebut. / The COVID-19 pandemic, up until the mid-year of 2021, has reported 182,721,608 positive cases and 3.9 million deaths globally. This has affected political interactions and dynamics among countries worldwide, promoting cooperation to obtain vaccines and medical necessities. Indonesia, too, is involved in health cooperation with China despite the negative sentiment as China being the country of origin for the virus. This gives rise to the formulation of complex interdependence in the field of such cooperation, considering that COVID-19 is a global pandemic and needs to be tackled with the active involvement of both state and non-state actors. Qualitative methods are used as a complement to the case study method in this research. Research data is collected through primary data obtained from the author's direct observations/involvement and interviews with key informants who are involved in the Indonesia-China health cooperation, supported by secondary data from national and international news sources, literature studies, and relevant academic journals. It can be concluded that the complex interdependence in the relationship between China and Indonesia has met the criteria of multichannel through inter-state relations and transnational interactions, the absence of a military hierarchy due to the importance of joint efforts in combating the COVID-19 pandemic, and the minimal role of the military due to economic, educational, research, and development issues dominating the pandemic response.

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