The signing of Joint Declaration on Strategic Partnership by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and President Hu Jintao in April 2005 has been a milestone for relations between the two countries and laid the groundwork for the implementation of a broader bilateral cooperation in various fields. Cooperation in the field of economics continues to increase resulting in a positive trend of trade between Indonesia and China. Both countries continue to build economic cooperation that benefits both parties. What factors become drivers of Indonesia and China economic cooperation in the 2004 – 2009 period is the formulation of the problem in this research. The concepts used in this research is focused on the concept of interdependence in reciprocal relations and the role of international institutions, international trade is focused on the relation of export-import concept and investment. This study uses the approach from the standpoint of liberalism. The research method used is descriptive with qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used were the primary technique with interviews and secondary technique by using literature, media, websites, and documentation. Results from research show that Indonesia and China membership in regional and multilateral organizations, economic growth in Indonesia and China, competition with neighboring countries in Asia are all factors driving the economic cooperation undertaken by Indonesia and China for the 2004 – 2009 period, and the positive trend of trade between Indonesia and China is the impact of economic cooperation between the two countries, and economic cooperation by both countries increase closer diplomatic relations between Indonesia and China. Suggestions in this study, with Indonesia and China trade trends are positive, it is necessary to have consultative body that can help investors of both countries to better understand and comprehend the rules, regulations and policies of each State.