The role of Israel lobby in the U.S foreign policy towards Israel under Trump's presidency = Peran lobi Israel di kebijakan luar negeri Amerika Serikat terhadap Israel di bawah kepemimpinan Trump

Setiawan, Michelle Debora (2020) The role of Israel lobby in the U.S foreign policy towards Israel under Trump's presidency = Peran lobi Israel di kebijakan luar negeri Amerika Serikat terhadap Israel di bawah kepemimpinan Trump. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Amerika Serikat dan Israel telah memiliki hubungan yang erat dimulai dari berdirinya negara Israel di tahun 1948 ketika Presiden Truman menjadi pemimpin dunia pertama yang mengakui berdirinya negara Israel. Semua presiden Amerika Serikat setelah Presiden Truman menunjukan dukungannya terhadap Israel, tidak terkecuali Presiden Trump. Bahkan, banyak yang mengatakan bahwa Presiden Trump adalah presiden yang paling pro-Israel setelah President Truman. Salah satu kebijakan Trump di Israel yang menjadi sorotan adalah ketika Trump mengakui Yerusalem sebagai ibukota Israel serta pemindahan kedutaan besar Amerika Serikat di Israel dari Tel Aviv ke Yerusalem. Selain itu, Israel juga merupakan penerima foreign aids terbesar dari Amerika Serikat setelah Perang Dunia II. Di balik dukungan dan kebijakan luar negeri Amerika Serikat terhadap Israel, terdapat peran Lobi Israel. Penelitian ini membahas peran dari Lobi Israel terhadap kebijakan luar negeri Amerika Serikat di Israel di bawah kepemimpinan Presiden Trump. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dan pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Konsep yang digunakan antara lain kelompok kepentingan dan kebijakan luar negeri. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Lobi Israel mempengaruhi kebijakan luar negeri AS melalui organisasi AIPAC dan CUFI yang melakukan lobby melalui Congress, eksekutif, media, akademis, dan think tank. Selain itu ada juga peran dari individu-individu di balik kepemimpinan Trump dan kelompok neo konservatis seperti kelompok Kristen Evangelist yang mendukung Israel secara massif, dimana mereka juga mempunyai andil dalam keputusan Trump mengakui Yerusalem sebagai ibukota Israel. / The United States and Israel have always had a special relationship ever since the establishment of the Jewish state of Israel in 1948 when President Truman became the first state leader to recognize the state of Israel. All the succeeding presidents after President Truman have shown its major support for Israel, including President Trump. There are even many people that say that President Trump is the most pro-Israel American president after President Truman. The highlight of his foreign policy in Israel includes the recognition of Jerusalem as Israel’s capital and the relocation of the U.S. embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. Besides that, Israel is also the largest foreign aids recipient from the U.S. since the World War II. There is the role of the Israel Lobby in the United States behind the massive support and the U.S. foreign policy in Israel. This research aims to identify the role of the Israel Lobby towards U.S. foreign policy in Israel under President Trump. The method and approach used in this research is descriptive method and qualitative approach. Moreover, the concepts used in this research are interest groups and foreign policy. The result of this research shows that the Israel Lobby exerts its influence into the U.S. government through its most actively involved organizations like AIPAC and CUFI that lobby the Congress, the executive, the media, academics, and think tanks. Besides that, there is also the role of the people within Trump’s administration as well as neo-conservatives like Christian Evangelists that massively support Israel, where they also play a role in Trump’s recognition of Jerusalem as Israel’s capital.

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