Fungsi ombudsman Republik Indonesia dalam lingkup pengaduan tindakan diskriminasi pada pelayanan publik di DKI Jakarta (studi komparasi dengan Riskdagens Ombudsman Swedia)

Sobandi, Hilda Amadea (2024) Fungsi ombudsman Republik Indonesia dalam lingkup pengaduan tindakan diskriminasi pada pelayanan publik di DKI Jakarta (studi komparasi dengan Riskdagens Ombudsman Swedia). Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis rumusan masalah yakni fungsi Ombudsman Republik Indonesia dalam lingkup pengaduan tindakan diskriminasi pada penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik (Studi Komparasi Dengan Riksdagens Ombudsmän Swedia). Selain itu, bagaimana efektivitas pelaksanaan tindak lanjut yang dilakukan oleh Ombudsman Republik Indonesia terhadap pengaduan tindakan diskriminasi pada penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan konseptual, selain itu dikaji dengan perbandingan hukum yang berkaitan dengan materi yang dikaji. Data penelitian diperoleh dari laporan pengaduan kepada Ombudsman Republik Indonesia dan platform nasional SP4N-LAPOR! untuk Negara Indonesia, sedangkan untuk Negara Swedia diperoleh dari laporan kerja tahunan Riksdagens Ombudsman Swedia periode 2021 hingga 2024. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ombudsman Republik Indonesia memainkan peran krusial dalam menindaklanjuti pengaduan terkait maladministrasi, terutama kasus diskriminasi dalam pelayanan publik, sebagaimana tercermin dari jumlah pengaduan yang signifikan dari tahun 2021 hingga 2024. Studi perbandingan dengan Riksdagens Ombudsmän menunjukkan perbedaan mendasar dalam independensi dan kapasitas institusional, dengan Ombudsman Swedia menunjukkan tingkat independensi yang lebih tinggi. Meskipun demikian, Ombudsman Republik Indonesia terbukti cukup efektif dalam menjalankan perannya meskipun menghadapi tantangan yang signifikan. Namun demikian, tingginya jumlah pengaduan juga mencerminkan tingkat maladministrasi yang masih tinggi, terutama dalam konteks perlakuan diskriminasi dalam pelayanan publik. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanan publik dan mengurangi diskriminasi, diperlukan peningkatan kapasitas dan kewenangan Ombudsman Republik Indonesia, serta adopsi praktik terbaik yang telah diterapkan oleh Ombudsman Swedia. / This study aims to analyze the formulation of the problem, namely the function of the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia in handling complaints of discriminatory actions in the provision of public services (A Comparative Study with the Swedish Parliamentary Ombudsman). Additionally, it examines the effectiveness of the follow-up actions taken by the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia on complaints of discriminatory actions in the provision of public services. The research method used is normative research with a conceptual approach, supplemented by legal comparisons related to the studied material. Research data were obtained from complaint reports to the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia and the national platform SP4N-LAPOR! for Indonesia, while for Sweden, data were obtained from the annual work reports of the Swedish Parliamentary Ombudsman for the period 2021 to 2024. The results of the study show that the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia plays a crucial role in addressing complaints related to maladministration, particularly cases of discrimination in public services, as reflected by the significant number of complaints from 2021 to 2024. The comparative study with the Swedish Parliamentary Ombudsman reveals fundamental differences in institutional independence and capacity, with the Swedish Ombudsman demonstrating a higher level of independence. Despite this, the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia has proven to be quite effective in fulfilling its role despite facing significant challenges. However, the high number of complaints also reflects a persistently high level of maladministration, particularly in the context of discriminatory treatment in public services. To improve the quality of public services and reduce discrimination, it is necessary to enhance the capacity and authority of the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia, as well as to adopt best practices implemented by the Swedish Ombudsman.

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