Tanggung jawab PPAT dalam pembuatan akta jual beli tanah berdasarkan identitas dan akta cerai yang diduga palsu (studi putusan 179/PDT/2023/PT.DKI) = Land deeds official responsibility on land sale agreement based on allegedly fraudulent client identity and divorce certificate (case number 179/PDT/2023/PT.DKI)

Pratama, Evan Budi (2024) Tanggung jawab PPAT dalam pembuatan akta jual beli tanah berdasarkan identitas dan akta cerai yang diduga palsu (studi putusan 179/PDT/2023/PT.DKI) = Land deeds official responsibility on land sale agreement based on allegedly fraudulent client identity and divorce certificate (case number 179/PDT/2023/PT.DKI). Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT) sebagai pejabat umum yang diberi kewenangan untuk membuat akta-akta otentik mengenai perbuatan hukum tertentu mengenai hak atas tanah atau Hak Milik Atas Satuan Rumah Susun. PPAT dalam mengkonstratir keinginan para pihak tentu saja berusaha mengikuti asas-asas dan peraturan yang ada, namun pada prakteknya, ada kemungkinan terjadi kasus di mana tersangkut kasus karena diduga menyalahi asas-asas yang seharusnya ditaatinya dalam pembuatan akta. Berdasarkan data Direktori Mahkamah Agung sepanjang tahun 2021-2023, terdapat 9281 putusan yang melibatkan PPAT sebagai pihak berperkara, di mana sebanyak 70% dari kasus tersebut (6869 putusan) berkaitan soal sengketa gugatan perdata. Hal ini menunjukkan tingginya kemungkinan PPAT tersandung permasalahan hukum, dan semakin menunjukkan pentingnya aspek kepastian hukum serta mengenai batas-batas tanggung jawab PPAT. Berkaitan dengan hal ini, penulis melakukan analisis Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Selatan Nomor 1018/Pdt.G/2020/PN.JKT.SEL dan Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi DKI Jakarta Nomor 179/PDT/2023/PT.DKI, dimana penulis ingin mengetahui tanggung jawab Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah terhadap Akta Jual Beli Tanah yang dibuat berdasarkan Identitas dan Akta Cerai penghadap yang diduga palsu dan aspek kepastian hukum dalam putusan majelis hakim di kasus ini. Hasil dari analisis ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa PPAT hanya bertanggung jawab sebatas formalitas data yang diterimanya dan tidak bertanggung jawab terhadap kebenaran materiilnya. Selain itu ditemukan pula bahwa belum tercermin aspek kepastian hukum dalam majelis hakim dalam merumuskan putusannya. / Land Deeds Official (PPAT) is an official whose given responsibility on arranging authentic deed regarding land right. PPAT should follow its organisation principle and the state regulation in doing its job. In practice, there are many cases of PPAT being sued due to being accused of malpractice. Based on the directory of the Supreme Court in the year 2021-2023, there are 9281 cases involving PPAT, while 70% of these cases (6869 cases) are related to private law cases. This shows the high probability of PPAT to be involved in such case, and shows the importance of the principle of legal certainty and limitation of PPAT's responsibility. In this context, the author has made an analysis of case numbers 1018/Pdt.G/2020/PN.JKT.SEL and 179/PDT/2023/PT.DKI. The writer would like to know the extent of PPAT's responsibility for the land sale agreement based on the allegedly fraudulent client identity and divorce certificate. The writer also wishes to know the application of the principle of legal certainty in the judgement. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that the PPAT is only responsible for the formality of the document presented, not its materiality. It is also shown that the judges do not use the principle of certainty of law when composing their verdict.

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