This study aims to analyze the relationship between Diabetes Management Self- Efficacy (DMSE) and Diabetes Patient Empowerment (DPE) and explore how they are related to the Likelihood of Recommending (LRC) healthcare providers among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients in Indonesia. This study also examines the moderating role of Online Patient Engagement and controls for health literacy in this context. This study employed a quantitative survey design conducted cross- sectional from April 2023 to April 2024 in hospital XYZ. Respondents involving T2DM patients aged 18 and above who could independently complete the questionnaire and had received education from the specialized diabetes care team. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires, capturing responses on diabetes management self-efficacy, diabetes patient empowerment, likelihood to recommend healthcare providers, online patient engagement, and health literacy. Data from 97 eligible respondents were analyzed using the Partial Least Structure Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) with a disjoint two-stage method. The model assessment indicated all constructs had reliable and valid indicators, with DMSE and DPE significantly contributing to long-term diabetes management. The structural model demonstrated substantial explanatory power with R2 values of 0.294 for DPE and 0.260 for LRC, while hypothesis testing confirmed four significant relationships. The study suggests DMSE impacts LRC only when mediated by DPE, emphasizing the need to enhance both self-efficacy and empowerment for better outcomes. This study concludes that DMSE and DPE are crucial for long-term diabetes management, best assessed as multidimensional constructs using a disjoint two-stage approach. Additionally, enhancing self- efficacy should involve improving empowerment, with digital platforms offering effective, low-cost opportunities for intervention, particularly considering patients' health literacy levels