Asas keadilan dan kebebasan berkontrak dalam perjanjian baku asuransi di Indonesia

Christian, Andri (2024) Asas keadilan dan kebebasan berkontrak dalam perjanjian baku asuransi di Indonesia. Doctoral thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan beberapa pendekatan, diantaranya pendekatan undang-undang, kasus, historis, komparatif, dan konseptual. Pokok permasalahan dalam penelitian ini, yakni bagaimana pengaturan ketentuan perundang-undangan yang terkait dengan asas kebebasan berkontrak dalam perjanjian baku asuransi konvensional di Indonesia dapat menimbulkan ketidakadilan, bagaimana pelaksanaan ketentuan perundangan-undangan yang terkait dengan perjanjian baku asuransi konvensional di Indonesia dapat menimbulkan ketidakadilan bagi tertanggung, dan bagaimana pengaturan ideal yang dapat memberikan perlindungan bagi tertanggung dalam ketentuan perundang-undangan terkait perjanjian baku asuransi konvensional di Indonesia guna mewujudkan asas keadilan. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya pertentangan norma (vertikal dan horizontal), belum adanya peraturan yang memadai dan bahkan dapat dianggap adanya kekosongan hukum terkait pengaturan perjanjian baku asuransi konvensional, sehingga keadaan demikian menimbulkan ketidakadilan. Pelaksanaan perjanjian baku asuransi konvensional menimbulkan ketidakadilan bagi tertanggung, karena belum adanya peraturan yang memadai; ketidakpatuhan terhadap peraturan yang berlaku; dan tidak dilaksanakannya tanggung jawab pemenuhan hak oleh penanggung dan OJK. Selain itu, adanya ketidakjelasan bentuk pengawasan; ketidakjelasaan pengaturan mengenai muatan, bentuk dan kategori perjanjian baku asuransi konvesional; dan belum dirubahnya Buku III KUHPerdata dan KUHD, sehingga tidak sesuai dengan perkembangan perjanjian asuransi dan nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam Pancasila. Pengaturan ideal yang dapat memberikan perlindungan bagi tertanggung, yakni melalui pembentukan peraturan secara berjenjang dalam rangkaian sistem hukum serta muatannya intrinsik nilai-nilai Pancasila. Tujuan pembentukan mencakup perlindungan hukum eksternal dan internal, serta menciptakan kesederajatan dan pembatasan tertentu untuk melindungi pihak yang posisi tawarnya lebih lemah. Peraturan itu, diterapkan secara simultan dengan tindakan pengawasan dan pemberian sanksi yang konkrit. Nilai-nilai yang intrinsik Pancasila diwujudkan melalui penerapan asas keadilan Pancasila dalam pengaturan perjanjian baku asuransi konvensional di Indonesia dengan menerapkan hubungan segi tiga keadilan Pancasila / This research uses normative legal research methods with several approaches, including regulation, case, historical, comparative, and conceptual approaches. The main issues in this research are how the regulation of statutory provisions related to freedom of contract principle in conventional insurance standard contract in Indonesia can cause injustice, how the implementation of statutory provisions related to conventional insurance standard contracts in Indonesia can cause injustice for the insured, and how ideal regulations provide protection for the insured in statutory provisions related to Indonesia’s conventional insurance standard contract in order to realize the principle of justice. The results of research can be concluded that there is a conflict of norms (vertical and horizontal), current absence of adequate regulations and it can even be considered as a legal vacuum on the regulation of conventional insurance standard contract, therefore such a situation causes injustice. The implementation of conventional insurance standard contracts creates injustice for the insured because no adequate regulation; non-compliance with applicable regulations; and OJK as well as the isurer have not fullfill their obligations. Moreover, there is a lack of clarity in the form of supervision; unclear regulations regarding the content, form and category of conventional insurance standard contract; and the unamended Book III of the Civil Code and the Commercial Code, therefore it is not in accordance with the development of insurance contract and the values contained in Pancasila. Ideal regulations that can provide protection for the insured, carried out through the formation of tiered regulations in a series of legal systems and their content is intrinsic to the values of Pancasila. The objectives of establishment include external and internal legal protection, as well as creating certain equality and restrictions to protect those with weaker bargaining position. The regulation is applied simultaneously with concrete supervisory and sanctioning measures. The intrinsic values of Pancasila are realized through the application of Pancasila Principles of Justice in the regulation of conventional insurance standard contract in Indonesia by applying Pancasila triangle of justice interrelation
Item Type: Thesis (Doctoral)
Creators:
Creators
NIM
Email
ORCID
Christian, Andri
NIM01657220001
andri.cls001@gmail.com
UNSPECIFIED
Contributors:
Contribution
Contributors
NIDN/NIDK
Email
Thesis advisor
Agustina, Rosa
NIDN0031085906
UNSPECIFIED
Thesis advisor
Sihombing, Jonker
NIDN8838820016
UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords: asas Keadilan ; kebebasan berkontrak ; perjanjian baku asuransi
Subjects: K Law > K Law (General)
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Doctor of Law
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Doctor of Law
Depositing User: Andri Christian
Date Deposited: 06 Dec 2024 03:50
Last Modified: 06 Dec 2024 03:50
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/65453

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