Konsep hukum kepemilikan lessor atas barang objek finance lease dalam sistem hukum pembiayaan di Indonesia

Artha, M. Kholid (2024) Konsep hukum kepemilikan lessor atas barang objek finance lease dalam sistem hukum pembiayaan di Indonesia. Doctoral thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Di Indonesia, selain melalui perbankan, pembiayaan dengan cara leasing (sewa-pembiayaan) menjadi pilihan utama bagi banyak perusahaan dalam mendapatkan barang modal untuk usahanya, baik pembiayaan investasi, modal kerja ataupun multiguna. Berbeda dengan kredit perbankan yang mendapat perlindungan hukum melalui lembaga jaminan kebendaan (hak tanggungan, fidusia atau hipotek), dalam leasing yang menjadi kekuatan hukum Lessor atas barang yang dibiayai adalah fungsi “kepemilikan” barang objek leasing itu sendiri. Tidak ada ikatan khusus semacam lembaga jaminan kebendaan tersebut. Kenyataannya fungsi kepemilikan ini belum banyak dipahami, tidak diindahkan dan tidak berjalan sebagaimana mestinya. Penelitian ini mengajukan tiga pertanyaan penelitian yaitu (1) Bagaimana pengaturan kepemilikan Lessor atas barang modal objek leasing menurut ketentuan yang berlaku saat ini? (2) Bagaimana implementasi perlindungan hukum bagi Lessor terkait kepemilikannya atas barang objek leasing? (3) Bagaimana konsep pengaturan kepemilikan yang menjamin kepastian hukum bagi Lessor atas kepemilikan barang modal objek leasing? Dalam disertasi ini, metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan yang didukung dengan kajian empiris dan keterangan dari narasumber yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kekosongan hukum dalam pengaturan mengenai kepemilikan Lessor atas objek leasing. Prakteknya perusahaan pembiayaan dan pengguna jasa bertransaksi dengan merujuk kepada perjanjian yang relevan di dalam KUHPerdata, kebiasaan yang berlaku dan praktek di negara lain. Implementasi perlindungan hukum Lessor terkait dengan kepemilikan barang terutama terletak pada perjanjian leasing yang dibuat dan dari pihak yang berwenang. Idealnya untuk memberikan kepastian hukum bagi Lessor, fungsi kepemilikan tersebut diatur secara tegas dan lengkap, minimal mempunyai kekuataan hukum seperti lembaga hak tanggungan atau jaminan fidusia. Disarankan agar segera dibentuk undang-undang mengenai pembiayaan, di dalamnya mengatur mengenai leasing untuk memberikan kepastian hukum dan keadilan bagi semua stakeholders baik perusahaan pembiayaan, perusahaan pengguna jasa leasing dan masyarakat umum. / In Indonesia, besides bank loans, financing through leasing (financial lease) has become the main choice for many companies to obtain capital goods for their businesses, whether it's for investment financing, working capital, or multipurpose needs. Unlike bank loans that receive legal protection through security interests (mortgage rights, fiduciary guarantees, or hypothecs), in leasing, the Lessor's legal power over the financed goods lies in the function of "ownership" of the leased object itself. There are no specific ties like security interest institutions. In reality, this ownership function is not widely understood, disregarded, and does not function as it should. This research proposes three research questions: (1) How is the Lessor's ownership of capital goods leased objects regulated according to current regulations? (2) How is legal protection for the Lessor implemented regarding their ownership of leased objects? (3) What is the concept of ownership regulation that guarantees legal certainty for the Lessor over the ownership of leased capital goods? In this dissertation, the method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach supported by empirical studies and information from relevant informants. The research results indicate a legal vacuum in the regulation regarding the Lessor's ownership of leased objects. In practice, financing companies and service users transact by referring to relevant agreements in the Civil Code, prevailing customs, and practices in other countries. The implementation of legal protection for Lessors regarding ownership of goods mainly lies in the leasing agreement made and from the authorities. Ideally, to provide legal certainty for the Lessor, the ownership function should be regulated explicitly and comprehensively, at least having the legal force like mortgage rights or fiduciary guarantees. It is recommended that a law on financing be established soon, which regulates leasing to provide legal certainty and justice for all stakeholders, including financing companies, leasing service user companies, and the general public.
Item Type: Thesis (Doctoral)
Creators:
Creators
NIM
Email
ORCID
Artha, M. Kholid
NIM01657210046
emkaartha@gmail.com
UNSPECIFIED
Contributors:
Contribution
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Email
Thesis advisor
Soerodjo, Irawan
NIDN8873470018
UNSPECIFIED
Thesis advisor
Budi, Henry Soelistyo
NIDN9990388304
UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords: concept of law ; ownership ; legal certainty
Subjects: K Law > K Law (General)
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Doctor of Law
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Doctor of Law
Depositing User: M. Kholid Artha
Date Deposited: 29 Apr 2025 02:01
Last Modified: 29 Apr 2025 02:01
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/65543

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